[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-067":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-067","nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-067",107,1,67,"下列何者，可作為一個國家用來評估婦幼衛生保健工作實行成效的最佳指標？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"嬰兒死亡率（Infant Mortality Rate, IMR）","粗死亡率（Crude Death Rate, CDR）","新生兒死亡率（Neonatal Mortality Rate, NNMR）","孕產婦死亡率（Maternal Mortality Rate, MMR）","A",null,[],"本題考點在評估一國婦幼衛生保健成效的最佳指標。依公共衛生統計慣例，嬰兒死亡率（IMR，未滿一歲嬰兒死亡數／活產數×1000）對母體健康、產前產後照護、營養與環境衛生等條件高度敏感，最能綜合反映一個國家婦幼保健與整體衛生水準，故選 A。B 粗死亡率涵蓋全人口、受年齡結構影響大，無法專指婦幼；C 新生兒死亡率僅涵蓋出生後 28 天內，範圍較窄、偏重先天與周產期因素；D 孕產婦死亡率雖重要，但因分母事件數少、僅反映孕產婦本身，非「婦幼」整體最佳綜合指標。故 IMR 為最佳解。","IMR 被視為國家發展與衛生水準的敏感綜合指標，因為它同時受產科照護、新生兒照護、營養、感染控制、社經與環境衛生影響。IMR 可再拆為新生兒死亡率（0–28 天，多為先天畸形、早產等內因）與新生兒後期死亡率（28 天–1 歲，多為感染、營養等外因），後者對社會經濟改善更敏感。孕產婦死亡率因事件稀少，適合看孕產照護但統計波動大。記憶要訣：綜合看婦幼與國力，首選嬰兒死亡率。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"婦幼衛生指標",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"新生兒死亡率",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"嬰兒死亡率 IMR",{"term":33,"count":10},"衛生水準綜合指標",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-068","張老先生進入腎臟疾病晚期，社區衛生護理師家訪時，對他的飲食指導，下列何者錯誤？",68,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-004","一位剛入院的精神病人林先生，情緒焦躁，因想打電話通知家人辦理出院，跑到護理站前要求出院，對工作人員大聲謾罵，並企圖攻擊護理師，面對該情緒失控的病人，下列何項措施較適切？",4,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-018","對於急性期發作的躁症病人，首要的護理措施為何？",18,109,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-056","依據渥太華健康促進憲章五大行動綱領，針對不同年齡層舉辦健康飲食講座，以提升社區民眾每天蔬果攝取量，屬於下列何項行動綱領？",56,110,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":29},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-020","林小姐，15 歲，診斷為思覺失調症，多次因和母親的男朋友有爭執，出現幻聽。下列何者居家護理措施最適當？",20,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":29},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-054","有關預防校園腸病毒措施，下列何項最適當？",54,112,"2026-09-04",1788510704630]