[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-016","nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-016",107,1,16,"承上題，下列那些因素可能造成劉先生產生上述行為？①退化 ②急性創傷 ③知覺刺激過多 ④腦血管損傷",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"②③④","①②③","①②④","①③④","A",null,[],"本題考點承前，辨識造成劉先生譫妄的可能因素。依譫妄的成因，②急性創傷（車禍頭部外傷）、③知覺刺激過多（加護病房高刺激環境）、④腦血管損傷（外傷造成的腦部傷害）皆為合理的器質與環境誘因，故選 A（②③④）。①「退化」為錯誤：退化屬心理防衛機轉，是面對壓力時退回較早期行為模式，並非造成器質性譫妄的生理病因，把它列入即混淆了「心理機轉」與「器質病因」，故不納入。本題辨識重點在區分器質性因素與心理防衛。","譫妄的誘發常是多因素疊加，可用「腦本身＋全身狀況＋環境」三層次記：腦本身（頭部外傷、腦血管損傷、中風、腫瘤）、全身生理（感染、缺氧、電解質異常、藥物或戒斷）、環境與知覺（加護病房的燈光噪音、約束、睡眠剝奪、感覺過度或不足）。加護病房因高刺激、日夜不分與多重管路，本就是譫妄高風險場所，故③④②都成立。①退化是心理學防衛概念，屬情緒因應而非神經生理病因，與譫妄的器質本質不同，這是本題設計的鑑別點。護理上可調整環境刺激、重建日夜節律、維持定向來預防與緩解。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"譫妄成因",{"term":27,"count":10},"頭部外傷與腦血管損傷",{"term":29,"count":10},"加護病房知覺刺激",{"term":31,"count":10},"退化屬心理防衛",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-017","當大地震發生後一個月，救援隊伍及物資仍源源不絕進入災區協助救災，災難反應進入蜜月期，此期護理師最應關注災區民眾易被忽略的問題是什麼？",17,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-033","治療注意力不足\u002F過動症的藥物 methylphenidate（Ritalin ® ）是屬於那一類藥物？",33,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":41},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-047","某社區於公園內設置健康步道以鼓勵民眾運動，此屬於渥太華憲章推動健康促進的何項行動綱領？",47,108,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-005","在生物化學研究中，憂鬱症病人最可能缺乏那些神經傳導物質？",5,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-049","有關結核病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",49,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-003","將自己內在無法接受的想法、慾望或衝動，歸咎成他人，讓自己減少一份威脅、危險，同時也增加一份保護的作用，此最可能為下列何種心理防衛機轉？",3,112,"2026-09-04",1788510704154]