[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":25},"nurse-107-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-015","nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-015",107,1,15,"劉先生，20 歲，因車禍頭部外傷而送入加護病房，出現躁動不安、胡言亂語、高聲喊叫，並有自行拔管情形。依據劉先生所呈現的症狀情形，最可能是下列那項病症？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"雙相情緒障礙症","譫妄","失智症","思覺失調症","B",null,[],"本題考點在於器質性意識障礙的鑑別。劉先生因頭部外傷後急性出現躁動不安、胡言亂語、高聲喊叫、自行拔管，屬急性起病、意識與認知波動且有明確生理誘因，最符合譫妄（delirium）的表現，故選 B。A 雙相情緒障礙症錯：屬情緒疾患，無此急性器質性誘因與意識混亂。C 失智症錯：為慢性、漸進性認知退化，意識通常清醒，與此急性變化不符。D 思覺失調症錯：多為慢性病程、意識清楚且無明確器質病因，也不以急性意識波動為主要表現。四者中唯有譫妄能同時解釋「急性、器質誘因、意識波動」。","譫妄的核心是「急性起病、病程波動、注意力與意識障礙、認知混亂」，且幾乎都有可辨識的生理病因（頭部外傷、感染、代謝異常、藥物、缺氧等）。與失智症的鑑別最實用：譫妄是急性、意識起伏、可逆（處理病因後改善）；失智是慢性、意識清醒、進行性且多不可逆。本題的關鍵字群「車禍頭部外傷（器質病因）＋躁動胡言（認知混亂）＋拔管（判斷力與意識受損）」直指譫妄。臨床照護重點在找出並處理病因、維持安全與現實定向、調整環境減少過度刺激。記憶口訣：譫妄「急、亂、變、有病因」，失智「慢、退、清、進行」。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":15,"count":25},6,{"term":27,"count":28},"急性意識障礙",2,{"term":30,"count":10},"器質性病因",{"term":32,"count":10},"與失智症鑑別",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-016","承上題，下列那些因素可能造成劉先生產生上述行為？①退化 ②急性創傷 ③知覺刺激過多 ④腦血管損傷",16,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":28},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-032","施小姐，25 歲，初診斷為思覺失調症（昔稱精神分裂症），已入院一個月，預計下週辦理出院，護理師欲安排家屬衛教，下列那一項藥物衛教較適當？",32,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":28},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-046","張護理師想要開立 49 床一般護理之家，下列那一個聘用照護人力方式，能夠符合法規最低人力規範？",46,108,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-004","有關兒童精神疾病的敘述，下列何者正確？",4,110,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-048","有關登革熱的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",48,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":28,"year":60,"session":28},"nurse-112-2-psychiatric-community-002","某精神科醫師在門診時，暗示病人有新藥的臨床試驗計畫，藥效比較好，病人基於對醫師的信任並認為新藥的治療效果較佳，同意簽人體試驗同意書，下列敘述何者正確？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510704133]