[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-003","nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-003",107,1,3,"一位診斷為嚴重憂鬱症的女性，結婚生完孩子後便沒有外出工作，成為全職媽媽，平日全心投入照顧家庭，較少有其他社交活動。面對叛逆與不愛唸書的青少年孩子，常過度苛責是自己的錯，一切都是她沒做好母親的角色，此種心理防衛機轉，較可能是使用下列何者？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"退化作用（regression）","取代作用（substitution）","轉移作用（displacement）","內射作用（introjection）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於辨識心理防衛機轉。個案將孩子叛逆的問題全歸咎為「自己沒做好母親角色」，是把外在客體的責備與價值標準內化到自我、轉為對自身的苛責，這符合內射作用（introjection）的定義，故選 D。A 退化作用錯：指面對壓力退回較早期、較幼稚的行為模式，本題並無此表現。B 取代作用錯：以一個較可行的目標替代原本無法達成的目標，與內化責備無關。C 轉移作用錯：把對某對象的情緒發洩到較安全的替代對象上，方向是「向外」，而本題是把責任「向內」攬到自己身上，兩者方向相反。","內射作用是把外界人物的態度、價值或評價整個吞納進自我，變成自己的一部分；在憂鬱症尤其常見——個案常把原本指向他人或情境的憤怒與責難轉向自身，形成「都是我不好」的自責與低自尊，這也是精神分析對憂鬱的經典解釋（憤怒內轉）。用方向來區辨最快：轉移是情緒「向外」移到替身對象（被主管罵回家踢貓）；內射是把外在評價「向內」納入而責備自己。取代是換目標、退化是退年齡層次。本題的關鍵字是「一切都是她沒做好」的自我歸咎，指向 introjection。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"心理防衛機轉",9,{"term":28,"count":29},"轉移作用",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"內射作用",{"term":33,"count":10},"憂鬱症憤怒內轉",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-004","下列何者屬於精神衛生法所保障的精神病人權益？",4,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-020","蔡先生，26 歲，為雙相情緒障礙症病人（昔稱躁症），要求外出抽菸，不被接受時出現攻擊性行為，護理師之處置下列何者不適當？",20,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-034","社區心理衛生的工作實務中，下列何者屬於次級預防工作？",34,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-072","根據勞工健康保護規則，有關勞工健康檢查的敘述，下列何者正確？",72,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-psychiatric-community-036","照顧精神護理之家的失智症住民，下列何項護理措施最適當？",36,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-070","有關社區健康評估中訪談重要人物之敘述，下列何者正確？",70,112,"2026-09-04",1788510704035]