[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-073":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-073","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-073",107,1,73,"有關巴拉刈中毒之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"對細胞膜及結締組織產生嚴重破壞","腎臟與肝臟最先受到傷害","含氧量最高的肺臟受到傷害最嚴重","主要經由肝臟排泄","D",null,[],"本題考點為巴拉刈(paraquat)中毒的病生理與排泄途徑。巴拉刈為除草劑,依其產生大量氧自由基造成組織過氧化傷害的機轉,含氧量最高的肺臟受害最嚴重,並主要「經腎臟」排泄,故D「主要經由肝臟排泄」為錯誤選項。A對細胞膜及結締組織造成嚴重破壞正確;B腎臟與肝臟因負責代謝排泄而最先受損正確;C肺泡上皮主動蓄積巴拉刈、加上高氧環境放大自由基傷害,終致肺纖維化,故肺臟受害最嚴重正確。","巴拉刈毒性核心是氧化還原循環(redox cycling)產生超氧陰離子等自由基,造成脂質過氧化與多器官損傷,肺是最終致命標的(進行性肺纖維化)。因主要經腎排泄,腎衰竭會使毒物滯留惡化預後。臨床照護的重要陷阱:應「避免不必要的高濃度氧氣」,因為給氧會加劇自由基生成、加速肺損傷——這與一般缺氧就給氧的直覺相反,是常考重點。目前無特效解毒劑,以支持療法與減少吸收為主。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"肺纖維化",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"巴拉刈中毒",2,{"term":31,"count":29},"氧自由基",{"term":33,"count":10},"腎臟排泄",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-074","有關淋巴瘤的國際性預後指標，下列何者錯誤？",74,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-010","有關口腔癌之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",10,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-024","有關急性心肌梗塞病人採限鈉飲食之敘述，下列何者正確？",24,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-062","有關導致腎病症候群病人全身水腫之病理機轉，下列何者正確？",62,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-026","有關心臟復健（Cardiac Rehabilitation, CR）活動時應注意事項的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",26,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-060","有關泌尿道感染病人應多攝取之酸灰性食物，下列何者錯誤？",60,112,"2026-09-04",1788510703162]