[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-070":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-070","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-070",107,1,70,"有關代謝性酸中毒造成之原因，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"過度運動","過度飢餓","嚴重腹瀉","嚴重嘔吐","D",null,[],"本題考點為代謝性酸中毒與鹼中毒的成因鑑別。代謝性酸中毒源於體內酸性物質增加或鹼(碳酸氫根)流失。依此機轉,D嚴重嘔吐流失的是胃酸(鹽酸,HCl),失去酸性物質反而造成「代謝性鹼中毒」,故D為錯誤選項。A過度運動產生大量乳酸,屬乳酸性酸中毒;B過度飢餓時脂肪分解產生酮體,屬酮酸中毒;C嚴重腹瀉由腸道流失富含碳酸氫根的消化液,使鹼流失導致酸中毒。三者皆屬代謝性酸中毒的正確成因。","快速鑑別:「上吐鹼、下瀉酸」——上消化道嘔吐失胃酸→代謝性鹼中毒;下消化道腹瀉失碳酸氫根→代謝性酸中毒。代謝性酸中毒可再依陰離子間隙(anion gap)分類:高間隙見於乳酸中毒、酮酸中毒、腎衰竭、毒物(MUDPILES);正常間隙見於腹瀉、腎小管酸中毒。身體以Kussmaul呼吸(呼出CO₂)代償酸中毒,腎臟則調節碳酸氫根再吸收作為長期代償。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"代謝性鹼中毒",6,{"term":31,"count":32},"陰離子間隙",3,{"term":34,"count":10},"碳酸氫根流失",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-071","有關嗜鉻細胞瘤典型之 5P 症狀，不包括下列何者？",71,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-007","有關阿茲海默氏症的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",7,108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":49},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-021","有關喉癌的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",21,2,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":49},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-059","下列何種疾病會出現奇異性呼吸（paradoxical respiration）？",59,109,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-023","有關中耳炎手術病人之術後護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",23,111,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-057","病人有心衰竭病史，因車禍造成左側肋骨骨折與氣血胸，目前出現急性呼吸衰竭的情形，下列護理措施何者最不適宜？",57,112,"2026-09-04",1788510703120]