[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-068":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-068","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-068",107,1,68,"有關糖尿病性酮酸中毒病人的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"高血壓","呼吸慢且淺","代謝性鹼中毒","症狀初期尿量增多","D",null,[],"本題考點為糖尿病酮酸中毒(DKA)的臨床表徵。DKA因胰島素嚴重不足,血糖飆高造成滲透性利尿,依此機轉症狀初期會出現多尿與脫水,故D「症狀初期尿量增多」正確。A應為低血壓而非高血壓,因大量脫水使血容量下降;B應為Kussmaul呼吸(深而快),身體以呼出二氧化碳代償酸中毒,而非呼吸慢且淺;C應為代謝性酸中毒,酮體(酸性物質)堆積使血液pH下降,而非鹼中毒。三個錯誤選項方向皆與DKA的病生理相反。","DKA三聯病生理:高血糖→滲透性利尿→脫水;脂肪分解→酮體堆積→代謝性酸中毒;缺胰島素→鉀離子由細胞內移出。臨床見多尿多渴、Kussmaul深快呼吸、呼氣有爛蘋果(丙酮)味、意識改變。治療三主軸:靜脈注射生理食鹽水補液、規則胰島素滴注降血糖、監測並補鉀(血糖下降時鉀會回細胞內致低血鉀)。與高血糖高滲透壓狀態(HHS)相比,DKA酮體明顯、常見於第一型糖尿病。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":29},"糖尿病酮酸中毒",8,{"term":31,"count":32},"滲透性利尿",2,{"term":34,"count":32},"Kussmaul呼吸",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-069","有關服用甲狀腺素之敘述，下列何者正確？",69,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-005","病人癲癇發作，意識不清的護理措施，下列何者正確？",5,108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-019","有關白內障治療方式之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",19,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-057","一位被診斷為「疑似細菌性肺炎」的病人剛入院，最優先執行下列那一個醫囑？",57,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-021","有關骨折的癒合過程，下列順序何者正確？①血腫形成期 ②骨化期 ③細胞增生期 ④重塑期 ⑤骨痂形成期",21,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-055","張先生患有多重抗藥性結核病（MDR-TB），表示其對何種藥物產生抗藥性？①Ethambutol ②Isoniazid ③Pyrazinamide ④Rifampin",55,112,"2026-09-04",1788510703108]