[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-064":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-064","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-064",107,1,64,"有關急性腎絲球腎炎之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"常由 β 型溶血性鏈球菌感染引起","是抗原抗體反應造成的疾病","C 3 與 C 4 補體值會上升","需長期接受 Penicillin 治療","C",null,[],"本題考點為急性腎絲球腎炎的免疫機轉與補體變化。此病多為β型溶血性鏈球菌感染後,抗原抗體形成免疫複合物沉積於腎絲球基底膜,活化補體造成發炎;依補體被「消耗」的機轉,血中C3、C4補體值應下降而非上升,故C為錯誤選項。A鏈球菌感染後腎炎的典型病因正確;B屬第三型過敏(免疫複合物)反應正確;D以Penicillin清除殘存鏈球菌感染源,屬合理治療。補體下降常伴血尿、蛋白尿、高血壓與水腫,是本病診斷重點。","鏈球菌感染後腎絲球腎炎(PSGN)常見於咽炎或膿痂疹後1–3週發病,血清抗鏈球菌溶血素O(ASO titer)上升、補體C3下降是核心診斷線索。免疫複合物沉積使腎絲球通透性改變,故出現茶色(可樂色)血尿與蛋白尿。多數兒童為自限性,補體約6–8週回升;若補體持續偏低超過8週,要懷疑其他腎絲球疾病。記憶:「發炎耗補體,補體不升反降」。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"急性腎絲球腎炎",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"免疫複合物",2,{"term":31,"count":29},"補體C3下降",{"term":33,"count":10},"β型溶血性鏈球菌",[35,39,43,47,52,57],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-065","有關早期慢性腎臟病病人服用血管收縮素轉化酶抑制劑（Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, ACEI）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",65,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":10,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-001","有關測量病人昏迷量表（Glasgow Coma Scale, GCS）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-015","有關左側脛骨骨折病人使用柺杖之護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",15,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-053","有關張力性氣胸（tension pneumothorax）的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",53,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-017","有關心口灼熱（Heart Burn）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",17,111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-051","協助醫師拔除胸管時，應指導病人採取下列何種呼吸方式？",51,112,"2026-09-04",1788510703053]