[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-055","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-055",107,1,55,"有關肺氣腫之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"換氣灌流比值會減少","會造成氣體交換障礙","會出現呼氣期時間延長","會出現桶狀胸","A",null,[],"本題考點在肺氣腫的病生理，屬選出錯誤敘述題。依肺氣腫機轉，肺泡壁與其周圍微血管一併被破壞形成無效腔，通氣相對保留但灌流減少，使通氣灌流比值（V\u002FQ）「升高」而非降低，故 A 稱換氣灌流比值會減少，方向相反，屬錯誤，為本題答案。B 正確，肺泡表面積減少造成氣體交換障礙。C 正確，氣道彈性回縮力喪失致氣體滯留、呼氣期延長。D 正確，長期氣體滯留使胸廓過度膨脹形成桶狀胸。核心在辨識肺氣腫屬「無效腔效應（高 V\u002FQ）」。","V\u002FQ 對比：肺氣腫破壞肺泡與微血管、產生無效腔（高 V\u002FQ，「粉紅噴息者」pink puffer，過度換氣代償、缺氧較晚出現）；慢性支氣管炎因分泌物阻塞造成分流（低 V\u002FQ，「藍腫者」blue bloater，早發缺氧與發紺）。肺氣腫因彈性回縮喪失，呼氣時小氣道塌陷、氣體滯留，故呼氣延長、殘餘容積增加、桶狀胸與嘴唇緊縮呼吸。此 V\u002FQ 方向的判定各家教材偶有敘述差異，故把握度標中等，但「肺泡與微血管同時破壞」是核心依據。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"肺氣腫",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"桶狀胸",3,{"term":31,"count":10},"通氣灌流比值 V\u002FQ",{"term":33,"count":10},"無效腔效應(高 V\u002FQ)",{"term":35,"count":10},"呼氣期延長與氣體滯留",[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-056","有關慢性阻塞性肺部疾病病人使用 Aminophylline 治療時之敘述，下列何者正確？①主要作用為支氣管擴張 ②副作用為心律不整和高血壓 ③靜脈注射速度不可超過 20～25 mg\u002Fmin ④血清治療濃度應維持在 20～40 μg\u002FmL 之間",56,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":45},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-072","有關糖尿病人足部照護之敘述，下列何者正確？",72,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":45},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-006","有關巴金森氏症的敘述，下列何者正確？",6,108,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-044","有關皮膚系統附屬物之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",44,109,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-008","有關脊髓損傷導致「自主神經反射過度」的敘述，下列何者正確？",8,111,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-042","下列那一類白血病的預後最好？",42,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702955]