[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-052":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-052","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-052",107,1,52,"有關胃食道逆流的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"可能是下食道括約肌壓力太高","心灼熱感為最常見的症狀","進食後 2 小時內避免躺下或運動","體重控制在正常範圍，以減少腹部所承受的壓力","A",null,[],"本題考點在胃食道逆流的機轉，屬選出錯誤敘述題。依 GERD 病生理，主因是下食道括約肌張力「過低」或不當鬆弛，使胃酸逆流入食道，故 A 稱下食道括約肌壓力太高，方向相反，屬錯誤，為本題答案。B 正確，心口灼熱（胸骨後灼熱感）為最常見症狀。C 正確，進食後 2 小時內避免躺下或運動，可減少逆流。D 正確，控制體重於正常範圍可降低腹內壓、減少對胃的擠壓。核心在辨識 GERD 是括約肌「關不緊」而非壓力過高的問題。","下食道括約肌（LES）是防逆流的功能性屏障，張力不足、頻繁短暫鬆弛或裂孔疝氣時逆流增加。加重因素包括高脂飲食、咖啡因、酒精、巧克力、薄荷、抽菸與腹壓上升（肥胖、懷孕）。非藥物衛教：少量多餐、餐後直立、睡前 2–3 小時勿進食、床頭抬高、減重、戒菸酒。藥物以氫離子幫浦抑制劑（PPI）抑酸為主。長期逆流可致食道炎、狹窄與巴瑞特食道（癌前變化），故症狀持續者需內視鏡評估。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"胃食道逆流 GERD",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"心口灼熱",2,{"term":31,"count":10},"下食道括約肌張力過低",{"term":33,"count":10},"餐後避免平躺",{"term":35,"count":10},"體重與腹內壓控制",[37,41,45,49,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-053","當發現胸腔術後病人的胸腔水下引流系統的水封瓶內出現大量氣泡時之處置，下列何者最適當？",53,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-069","有關皮下注射胰島素吸收速率之比較，下列何者正確？",69,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":26,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-003","腦腫瘤病人進行外科手術移除腫瘤後，顱內壓仍非常高，下列何種方式可以協助降低顱內壓？",108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-041","胃癌的發生可能與下列何種病毒或細菌感染有關？",41,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-005","有關巴金森氏症病人日常生活護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",5,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-039","有關癌症分期系統類型之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702939]