[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-051":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-051","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-051",107,1,51,"有關急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）的診斷標準，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"慢性發作","氧合指數（PaO 2 \u002FFIO 2 ）＞200 mmHg","胸部 X 光呈現單側肺浸潤","肺微血管楔壓≦18 mmHg","D",null,[],"本題考點在急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）的診斷標準。依 ARDS 定義，肺水腫源於非心因性微血管通透性增加，故肺微血管楔壓（PCWP）≦18 mmHg，用以排除左心衰竭引起的心因性肺水腫，選 D。A 錯在 ARDS 為「急性」發作（一週內），非慢性。B 錯在氧合指數（PaO₂\u002FFiO₂）應≦200（甚至更低）代表嚴重低血氧，＞200 不符。C 錯在胸部 X 光呈現「雙側」瀰漫性肺浸潤，非單側。核心在辨識 ARDS 為急性、雙側浸潤、頑固性低血氧且非心因性的臨床組合。","ARDS 依柏林（Berlin）定義：一週內急性發作、雙側肺浸潤、非心衰或容積過載所能完全解釋，並以 PaO₂\u002FFiO₂ 分級（輕 201–300、中 101–200、重 ≦100，皆於 PEEP≧5 下量測）。病生理為肺泡－微血管膜受損、通透性增加致富含蛋白質的滲出液充填肺泡、透明膜形成與順應性下降，造成頑固性低血氧（給氧難以矯正的分流）。治療核心為低潮氣量的肺保護通氣（6 mL\u002Fkg 理想體重）、適當 PEEP、必要時俯臥。",[24,27,30,32,34],{"term":25,"count":26},"非心因性肺水腫",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"急性呼吸窘迫症候群 ARDS",3,{"term":31,"count":10},"肺微血管楔壓 ≦18 mmHg",{"term":33,"count":10},"氧合指數 PaO2\u002FFiO2",{"term":35,"count":10},"雙側肺浸潤",[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-052","有關胃食道逆流的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",52,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":9,"session":45},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-068","有關慢性腎衰竭典型之合併症，不包括下列何項？",68,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":45,"year":49,"session":45},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-002","李先生是建築工人，近日因椎間盤突出入院行腰椎椎板切除術，護理師提供之術後護理指導，下列何者正確？",108,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":45},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-040","有關 Fentanyl 皮膚止痛貼片照護之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",40,109,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-004","「走失」是阿茲海默氏症（Alzheimer’s Disease）病人，那一期重要臨床表徵？",4,111,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-038","有關骨髓抽吸檢查之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",38,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702918]