[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-043":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-043","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-043",107,1,43,"有關末期腎疾病（ESRD）病人之液體攝取量的估計原則，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"前一日尿量加 300～500 mL／天","兩次透析間體重增加宜控制在 2.0 公斤","取決於血壓之變化","兩次透析間體重增加以不超過其乾體重 5%","D",null,[],"本題考點在末期腎病病人的液體攝取控制原則。依透析病人的容積管理，兩次透析間的體重增加（即水分蓄積量）宜控制在乾體重的 5% 以內，以避免容積過載、肺水腫與心臟負擔，故選 D。A 前一日尿量加固定量以估算補水量，未考量個別乾體重與殘餘腎功能，一般以尿量加約 500 mL 不顯性喪失估計，非 300～500 的最適原則。B 以固定「2.0 公斤」為限未按體重比例，不夠個別化。C 僅取決於血壓變化過於單一，血壓受多因素影響，不足以作為攝水依據。","透析病人液體管理核心在「乾體重」——透析後無水腫、血壓正常的目標體重。兩次透析間體重增加（IDWG）建議控制在乾體重的 3–5%（多數指引採 \u003C5%，理想 \u003C4–4.5%），過多預示水分攝取失控，透析時大量脫水易致低血壓、抽筋。每日液體攝取常以「前日尿量＋約 500 mL 不顯性喪失」估算，並限鈉以減少口渴。監測指標包括體重、血壓、頸靜脈怒張與肺部聽診，屬慢性腎病照護重點。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"乾體重",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"末期腎病液體管理",{"term":30,"count":10},"兩次透析間體重增加 IDWG",{"term":32,"count":10},"5% 上限原則",{"term":34,"count":10},"容積過載評估",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-044","王先生 25 歲燒傷入院，全身有 20%的部分皮層燒傷，燒傷部位位於雙下肢，其燒傷嚴重度，下列何者正確？",44,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-060","有關腎移植後產生的排斥現象，下列何者預後最佳？",60,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-074","有關抗利尿素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）病人的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",74,108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-032","有關抗心律不整藥物，下列何者屬於鈉離子通道阻斷劑？",32,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-076","下列何種休克病人，根據其導因應優先考慮給與水分或血品之輸注？",76,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-030","下列何者為骨性關節炎的症狀和徵象？",30,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702850]