[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-042","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-042",107,1,42,"有關輸注血小板的注意事項，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"輸注血小板速度應愈慢愈好，因可避免血小板凝集產生血栓","輸注血小板後，若出現過敏反應，可依醫囑給與抗組織胺、類固醇等藥物","當反覆多次輸注血小板後，若出現輸注效果不佳，可考慮使用單一供血者的血小板","輸注血小板後，若出現寒顫、發燒是輸血之熱原反應","A",null,[],"本題考點在血小板輸注的原則，屬選出錯誤敘述題。依血小板特性，其在體外易活化聚集、功能隨時間衰退，故輸注應「盡快、快速」給予，A 主張速度愈慢愈好以避免凝集血栓，方向相反，為本題答案。B 正確，出現過敏反應時可依醫囑給抗組織胺、類固醇。C 正確，反覆輸注後效果不佳（血小板輸注無效）可能為同種免疫，改用單一供血者或 HLA 配對血小板。D 正確，輸注後出現寒顫、發燒屬非溶血性發熱反應（熱原反應）。","血小板輸注要點：室溫保存、持續輕搖、不可冷藏（低溫使其活化失能），且到貨後應於數分鐘內快速輸完，與紅血球需緩慢輸注恰相反。血小板輸注無效（refractoriness）多因反覆輸注產生 HLA 或 HPA 抗體，須以 HLA 配對之單一供血者血小板改善。ABO 相合較次要但仍影響回收率。發熱反應可預防性給退燒或使用減除白血球製品。一單位分離術血小板約可提升成人血小板 3–6 萬。",[24,26,28,30,32],{"term":25,"count":10},"血小板輸注",{"term":27,"count":10},"快速輸注原則",{"term":29,"count":10},"血小板輸注無效(同種免疫)",{"term":31,"count":10},"HLA 配對單一供血者",{"term":33,"count":10},"非溶血性發熱反應",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-043","有關末期腎疾病（ESRD）病人之液體攝取量的估計原則，下列何者最適當？",43,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-059","有關預防尿路結石復發的護理指導，下列何者正確？",59,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-073","有關剛接受腦下垂體切除術後病人的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",73,108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-031","有關心絞痛之常用藥物 Nitroglycerine（NTG）之護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",31,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":43},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-075","有關糖尿病視網膜病變的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",75,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-112-1-medical-surgical-029","有關心律不整病人照護之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",29,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702825]