[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-012","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-012",107,1,12,"有關促使食道下括約肌壓力降低之物質，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"腸促胰素","抗膽素激性藥物","香菸","副交感神經藥物","D",null,[],"本題考點是影響食道下括約肌(LES)壓力的因素。依副交感神經(膽鹼激性)興奮會增加 LES 張力使括約肌收緊，因此「副交感神經藥物」是「升高」而非降低 LES 壓力，D與題幹「使 LES 壓力降低」方向相反，為錯誤而選D。A腸促胰素(secretin)、B抗膽鹼激性藥物、C香菸皆會鬆弛 LES 使壓力下降，屬降低 LES 壓力的因素而正確，故非答案。","LES 壓力是胃食道逆流(GERD)的核心。降低 LES 壓力(促逆流)者:抗膽鹼藥、鈣離子阻斷劑、硝酸鹽、茶鹼、菸鹼、酒精、咖啡因、巧克力、薄荷、高脂食物,以及 secretin、glucagon、VIP 等腸道荷爾蒙。升高 LES 壓力(抗逆流)者:膽鹼激性(副交感)藥、metoclopramide、gastrin、蛋白質餐。理解關鍵:副交感\u002F膽鹼刺激讓平滑肌收縮、括約肌收緊;抗膽鹼則放鬆。GERD 衛教即圍繞「避開降低 LES 壓力的食物與藥物」。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"胃食道逆流",6,{"term":28,"count":10},"食道下括約肌壓力",{"term":30,"count":10},"副交感神經與膽鹼作用",{"term":32,"count":10},"抗膽鹼激性藥物",[34,38,43,48,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-013","有關膽囊炎處置之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",13,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-029","有關心肌梗塞使用 aspirin 之敘述，下列何者正確？",29,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-043","有關燒傷病人達到體液復甦目標之指標，下列何者正確？",43,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":10,"year":51,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-001","有關顱內壓升高的處置，下列敘述何者正確？",109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-045","有關傷口敷料的敘述，下列何者正確？",45,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":42},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-079","有關敗血症病人臨床徵象與症狀的敘述，下列何者正確？",79,111,"2026-09-04",1788510702528]