[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-004":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-107-1-內外科護理學-004","nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-004",107,1,4,"陳先生因頭部外傷出現顱內壓升高，有關使用 Mannitol 治療之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"為高張利尿劑","應緩慢靜脈注射給與","使用前應注意血壓不宜太低","若顱內壓改善，應緩慢減量","B",null,[],"本題考點為滲透性利尿劑 Mannitol 於顱內壓升高的用法。依 Mannitol 屬高張性滲透利尿劑，靠提高血漿滲透壓將腦組織水分拉回血管內以降腦壓，急性顱內壓升高時需「快速」輸注(常於 15–30 分鐘內)才能建立滲透梯度發揮效果，故B「應緩慢靜脈注射」為錯誤敘述而選B。A為高張利尿劑正確;C給藥前須確認血壓不可過低(利尿易致低血容)正確;D顱內壓改善後應緩慢減量以防反彈性腦水腫，亦正確。","Mannitol 降腦壓有兩階段:先是血漿擴容降低血液黏稠度改善腦血流(數分鐘),再是滲透性脫水(20-30 分鐘達峰)。臨床上須以在線過濾器給藥,因低溫時易結晶;並監測血漿滲透壓(上限約 320 mOsm\u002FL)、尿量、電解質與腎功能,避免滲透性腎病與脫水。與高張食鹽水同為滲透治療,但 Mannitol 兼具利尿,心衰或腎衰竭者需謹慎。反彈現象源於 Mannitol 滲入受損的血腦障壁後把水又拉回腦組織。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"顱內壓升高處置",2,{"term":28,"count":10},"Mannitol 滲透性利尿劑",{"term":30,"count":10},"快速輸注建立滲透梯度",{"term":32,"count":10},"反彈性腦水腫",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-005","江小姐因頸椎滑脫須使用床頭式骨骼牽引 Gardner-Wells Tongs traction 讓頸椎復位，下列敘述何者正確？",5,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":26},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-021","下列何者為預防上石膏肢體肌肉力量變差之運動？",21,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-035","汪小姐，血小板數目為 40,000\u002Fmm 3 ，下列敘述何者正確？①非常容易引起自發性出血 ②避免使用 Aspirin 或 Heparin ③肌肉注射的給藥方式最佳 ④給與軟便藥物可減少排便腸黏膜受傷",35,108,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-073","孕婦發生呼吸道梗塞的情況時，下列何種處置最適當？",73,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-037","病人接受化學治療後血小板數值為 10,000 cells\u002Fmm，下列何者為護理評估重點？",37,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":26},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-071","有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）病人的呼吸特徵，下列何者正確？",71,111,"2026-09-04",1788510702449]