[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-fundamental-nursing-057":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基本護理學與護理行政-057","nurse-107-1-fundamental-nursing-057",107,1,57,"根據系統理論，下列何項不屬輸出（output）部分？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"疾病史","病患滿意度","疼痛程度減輕","合併症之預防","A",null,[],"本題考點是系統理論中投入（input）、轉換（throughput）與產出（output）的區辨。依系統理論，output 指系統運作後產生的結果或成效，input 則是進入系統的資源與資料。疾病史（A）是病人帶入照護系統的既有資料，屬於投入（input），並非系統運作後的成果，故『不屬輸出』者為 A，即本題答案。B 病患滿意度、C 疼痛程度減輕、D 合併症之預防，都是照護（轉換過程）後所產生的結果與成效，屬 output。判斷關鍵是問『這是照護前既有的資料，還是照護後才產生的結果』。","系統理論把組織或照護視為 input→throughput（轉換）→output→feedback 的循環。Input＝人力、物力、資訊與病人既有狀況（含病史）；throughput＝照護活動本身；output＝健康結果指標（如症狀改善、滿意度、併發症率、住院天數）。Donabedian 的結構—過程—結果品質模式與此相呼應，output 對應『結果面（outcome）』。記憶法：凡是『減輕、預防、滿意、改善』等帶有成效意味的都是 output；『病史、資源、人力』等帶入系統的是 input。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"系統理論",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"投入與產出",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"照護結果指標",{"term":34,"count":11},"回饋循環",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-fundamental-nursing-058","韋伯（Weber）提出「官僚體制模式」（bureaucracy model）的組織型態，關於其特徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？",58,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":30},"nurse-107-2-fundamental-nursing-074","要達成群體目標時，民主式領導者較少藉助下列何項？",74,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":30},"nurse-108-2-fundamental-nursing-008","以身體而言，溫度最高的部位為下列何者？",8,108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":30},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-046","有關影響營養狀況之因素，下列何者正確？",46,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-fundamental-nursing-010","醫囑 Demeral 10 mg I.V. drip St.之含意，下列敘述何者正確？",10,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-fundamental-nursing-044","有關死亡後遺體的變化，下列敘述何者正確？",44,112,"2026-09-04",1788510702211]