[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-080":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-080","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-080",107,1,80,"在精神病院、難民營和擁擠的日間照護中心，要特別注意下列那種寄生蟲的感染？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"蛔蟲（Ascaris lumbricoides）","鞭蟲（Trichuris trichiura）","糞小桿線蟲（Strongyloides stercoralis）","痢疾阿米巴（Entamoeba histolytica）","D",null,[],"本題考點為在人群密集、衛生條件受限機構(精神病院、難民營、擁擠日照中心)須特別警覺的寄生蟲。依寄生蟲學,痢疾阿米巴(Entamoeba histolytica)以糞口途徑經被污染的食物飲水傳播,在衛生不良、共用設施、機構化群聚的環境最易人際散播並引發阿米巴痢疾與肝膿瘍,故選 D。A 蛔蟲、B 鞭蟲雖亦糞口\u002F土壤傳播,但需蟲卵在土中成熟,較屬土源性線蟲、與熱帶土壤污染相關而非機構群聚爆發;C 糞小桿線蟲主要經皮膚鑽入,且在免疫低下者引發過度感染,與『擁擠機構人際直接傳播』的情境較不相符,故非最佳答案。","解題關鍵詞是『機構化群聚+人傳人』:E. histolytica 的成熟囊體可直接經污染的手、食物在人與人間傳遞,不需土壤成熟期,故在共餐共廁的封閉群體最易爆發,經典場景正是收容\u002F照護機構。對照記憶:『土源性』蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲需蟲卵\u002F幼蟲在土壤發育;『水\u002F糞口原蟲』阿米巴、梨形鞭毛蟲(Giardia)可直接人際或水媒散播。臨床上阿米巴可由腸道經門脈栓塞至肝形成『anchovy-paste』膿瘍,治療用 metronidazole 加腸腔內殺囊劑。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"糞口傳播",4,{"term":29,"count":11},"痢疾阿米巴(Entamoeba histolytica)",{"term":31,"count":11},"機構群聚感染",{"term":33,"count":11},"土源性線蟲對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":11,"year":10,"session":38},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-001","蘭氏細胞（Langerhans’cell）主要功能為何？",2,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-017","核仁（nucleolus）的主要功能為何？",17,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":38},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-031","下列有關蛋白質消化和吸收的敘述，何者正確？",31,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":38},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-069","病人4個月前到非洲旅遊，回國後一星期因發燒39℃，疲倦就醫，為證明其是否感染惡性瘧疾（Plasmodium falciparum），應收集什麼檢體做鏡檢最適當？",69,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-033","細胞壞死（Necrosis）時，最早會出現：",33,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":38},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-047","下列關於產氣梭孢桿菌（Clostridium perfringens）的敘述，何者錯誤？",47,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701659]