[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-079","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-079",107,1,79,"下列何者為目前實驗室中用於確定 HIV 感染之試驗？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"東方墨點分析","西方墨點分析","南方墨點分析","北方墨點分析","B",null,[],"本題考點為 HIV 感染的實驗室確認試驗。依免疫診斷學,西方墨點法(Western blot)以電泳分離 HIV 病毒蛋白後轉漬,再測血清中對應各病毒抗原的抗體帶,特異性高,傳統上作為篩檢(ELISA)陽性後的確認試驗,故選 B。A 東方墨點法為偵測轉譯後修飾等,非 HIV 確認用;C 南方墨點(Southern blot)偵測 DNA;D 北方墨點(Northern blot)偵測 RNA,均非用於 HIV 抗體確認。","四種墨點法的記憶對照:Southern=DNA、Northern=RNA、Western=蛋白質(抗原\u002F抗體),此為經典『SNoW DRoP』口訣(S-D, N-R, W-Protein)。HIV 檢測流程傳統為 ELISA 初篩(高敏感度、避免漏診)→ Western blot 確認(高特異度、排除偽陽性),兼顧敏感與特異。須注意此為題目命製時的傳統演算法;現行實務已多改用第四代抗原抗體合併檢測與核酸(NAT)確認,但國考仍常以 Western blot 為 HIV 確認答案。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"西方墨點法(Western blot)",{"term":28,"count":11},"HIV 確認試驗",{"term":30,"count":11},"ELISA 篩檢流程",{"term":32,"count":11},"墨點法核酸\u002F蛋白對應",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-080","在精神病院、難民營和擁擠的日間照護中心，要特別注意下列那種寄生蟲的感染？",80,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-016","眼睛的水樣液（aquemous humor）是由何構造分泌？",16,108,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-030","下列何者是維持亨利氏環下行支水分再吸收的因素？",30,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":47},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-068","下列何種細胞可以對病原菌製造特異性抗體的免疫反應？",68,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-032","下列有關胃腸道神經反射的受體（receptor）角色，何者錯誤？",32,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":47},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-046","下列針對炭疽桿菌（Bacillus anthracis）的敘述，何者正確？",46,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701654]