[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-075":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-075","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-075",107,1,75,"威脅生命的擴散性念珠菌症（disseminated candidiasis）主要發生在何種病人？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"愛滋病","糖尿病","接受類固醇治療的成人","惡性血液疾病並持續使用免疫抑制劑","D",null,[],"本題考點為侵襲性(擴散性)念珠菌症的高危宿主。依感染學,念珠菌屬伺機性病原,擴散性念珠菌症(進入血流侵犯多重器官、危及生命)最常見於嗜中性球顯著低下者;惡性血液疾病(如白血病)本身及其化療、加上持續使用免疫抑制劑,造成長期嚴重嗜中性球缺乏,是侵襲性念珠菌血症的最高危族群,故選 D。A、B、C 的免疫缺損多偏向細胞免疫或黏膜屏障,愛滋病、糖尿病、單純類固醇治療較常引起黏膜\u002F口咽或皮膚念珠菌感染(局部型),較少直接造成危及生命的血流擴散,故非最佳答案。","鑑別重點在『局部 vs 擴散』與『缺什麼免疫細胞』:黏膜念珠菌(鵝口瘡、食道炎)看 T 細胞\u002FCD4,故愛滋病人常見;但要進到血流全身擴散,關鍵是 neutropenia(嗜中性球\u003C500)。血液惡性腫瘤化療後的深度且持久的嗜中性球低下,正是 candidemia 的溫床,加上常留置中心靜脈導管作為入侵門戶。記憶法:『T 細胞管黏膜、嗜中性球管血流』,一眼分出局部與侵襲型的高危宿主。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"伺機性感染",7,{"term":29,"count":11},"擴散性念珠菌症(candidemia)",{"term":31,"count":11},"嗜中性球低下(neutropenia)",{"term":33,"count":11},"惡性血液疾病與免疫抑制劑",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-076","有關細菌與黴菌之比較，下列何者錯誤？",76,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-012","有關食道之敘述何者正確？",12,108,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-026","下列何種原因抑制懷孕時乳汁的製造？",26,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":48},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-064","口服四環素類（tetracyclines）治療感染時，最不適宜採用下列何種方式？",64,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-028","下列有關色盲（color blindness）的敘述，何者正確？",28,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":48},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-042","黴菌結構及生理特性的敘述，下列何者正確？",42,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701602]