[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-064":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-064","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-064",107,1,64,"器官移植所引發的急性排斥作用，可運用 cyclosporine 以緩解免疫性組織損壞，其藥理作用機制為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"降低淋巴激素（IL-2）產生","降低淋巴激素（IL-10）產生","抑制 purine 生合成","螯合 DNA 的作用","A",null,[],"本題考點是 cyclosporine 抑制器官移植急性排斥的機轉。cyclosporine 與 cyclophilin 結合後抑制 calcineurin,阻止 NFAT 活化,進而降低 T 細胞分泌介白素-2(IL-2),抑制 T 細胞增生活化以緩解排斥,故選 A。B IL-10 是抗發炎細胞激素,抑制它反而不利;C 抑制 purine 生合成是 mycophenolate、azathioprine 的機轉;D 螯合\u002F交聯 DNA 是烷化劑機轉,均非 cyclosporine 的作用。","Calcineurin 抑制劑家族:cyclosporine(結合 cyclophilin)、tacrolimus(結合 FKBP),兩者最終都抑制 calcineurin→阻斷 NFAT 去磷酸化入核→不轉錄 IL-2→T 細胞無法自分泌增生。對照其他免疫抑制:mTOR 抑制劑 sirolimus 阻斷 IL-2 下游訊號、mycophenolate 抑制 IMPDH 阻嘌呤合成、類固醇廣泛抗發炎。cyclosporine 主要毒性為腎毒性與高血壓,需監測血中濃度。記憶:『calcineurin 擋 IL-2=擋 T 細胞總開關』。",[25,28,30,32,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"T 細胞活化",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"cyclosporine",{"term":31,"count":11},"calcineurin 抑制",{"term":33,"count":11},"介白素-2(IL-2)",{"term":35,"count":11},"NFAT",[37,41,45,49,54,59],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-065","在醫院群聚型院內細菌感染傳播中，下列那一種疏失是最常見的原因？",65,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":11,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-001","下列何者的內襯上皮具有纖毛？",108,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-015","松果腺（pineal gland）位於何處？",15,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-053","下列何種給藥途徑的生體可用率（bioavailability）最佳？",53,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-017","碳水化合物（carbohydrate）的碳、氫、氧原子數目的比率是：",17,111,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-031","跨膜 G 蛋白偶合受體（G protein-coupled receptor）中的 Gs 蛋白，主要作用在下列何種酵素？",31,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701503]