[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-055":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-055","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-055",107,1,55,"有關第一代 H 1 組織胺（histamine）受體拮抗劑（如 Chlorpheniramine 與 Diphenhydramine），其主要副作用之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"口乾舌燥","嗜睡或精神不濟","排尿不順或尿液滯留","高血壓","D",null,[],"本題考點是第一代 H1 抗組織胺的副作用辨識,屬反向題,錯誤敘述即為答案。第一代 H1 拮抗劑(如 Chlorpheniramine、Diphenhydramine)脂溶性高可穿越血腦障壁,並有抗膽鹼(muscarinic)作用,故副作用是嗜睡、口乾、尿液滯留等;高血壓並非其典型副作用,故錯誤敘述為 D。A 口乾舌燥、B 嗜睡、C 排尿不順均為其抗膽鹼與中樞抑制的正確副作用,敘述無誤。","第一代 H1 抗組織胺的抗膽鹼副作用可用『乾、熱、脹、迷』記:口乾、視力模糊、尿滯留、便祕、嗜睡認知遲鈍;老年人尤需小心青光眼與攝護腺肥大者尿滯留。第二代(cetirizine、loratadine、fexofenadine)極性較高不易入腦,鎮靜與抗膽鹼作用小。心血管上抗組織胺一般不升壓,反而某些(如與去充血劑併方的擬交感成分)才可能升壓,單純 H1 拮抗不致高血壓。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"抗膽鹼副作用",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"第一代 H1 抗組織胺",{"term":31,"count":11},"中樞鎮靜",{"term":33,"count":11},"第一代 vs 第二代抗組織胺",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-056","下列抗癌藥物中，何者對細胞週期之 M 期有專一性抑制作用？",56,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-072","針對淋病雙球菌（Neisseria gonorrhoeae ）造成的疾病，下列何者錯誤？",72,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-006","下列有關肺部的敘述，何者正確？",6,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-044","下列何者不是出血病症（bleeding disorder）之原因？",44,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-008","下列管道何者不開口於右心房？",8,111,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-022","多發性骨髓瘤（Multiple Myeloma）引起的類澱粉沉積症（Amyloidosis），下列何者為類澱粉來源的蛋白質前趨物質？",22,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701390]