[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-048","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-048",107,1,48,"下列那一個中樞神經系統部位是肌萎縮性側索硬化症（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis）的主要病變區？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"脊髓","小腦","大腦枕葉區","大腦顳葉區","A",null,[],"本題考點是肌萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)的主要病變部位。ALS 同時侵犯上運動神經元(皮質脊髓路徑)與下運動神經元(脊髓前角運動細胞),而其標誌性病變集中於脊髓——側索的皮質脊髓徑退化加上前角細胞喪失,故選 A。B 小腦主司協調與平衡,病變表現為共濟失調,非 ALS 部位;C 大腦枕葉區主管視覺;D 大腦顳葉區與聽覺、記憶相關,皆非 ALS 的主要受損區。","ALS 又稱運動神經元疾病,病名即點出病灶:『側索硬化』=脊髓側索皮質脊髓徑(上運動神經元)變性硬化,『肌萎縮』=前角細胞(下運動神經元)喪失致肌肉去神經萎縮。臨床上上、下運動神經元徵象並存(反射亢進+肌束顫動與萎縮),感覺與智能多保留。記憶:ALS=上下運動神經元一起壞,但主戰場在脊髓。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"皮質脊髓徑",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"肌萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)",{"term":31,"count":11},"脊髓前角細胞",{"term":33,"count":11},"上下運動神經元",[35,39,43,48,53,57],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-049","下列何者最能產生肝臟酵素誘導作用（enzyme induction）？",49,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-065","下列何類抗生素主要影響細菌 DNA 的複製？",65,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-079","黴菌與人類細胞在結構上最大的差別為何？",79,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何者不是肝衰竭（hepatic failure）的臨床症狀？",37,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":11,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-001","下列何者主要是由膜（membrane）構成的胞器？",111,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":27},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-015","有關人類精子的敘述，下列何者正確？",15,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701318]