[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-043":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-043","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-043",107,1,43,"一個剛出生的嬰兒，口中有大量口水流出且無法餵食，是因下列何者先天性異常？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"食道閉鎖","先天性幽門狹窄","梅克耳氏憩室（Meckel’s diverticulum）","巨結腸症","A",null,[],"本題考點是新生兒口水過多合併無法餵食的先天異常。食道閉鎖(esophageal atresia)因食道上段呈盲端,口水與奶水無法進入胃,故新生兒口中不斷冒泡沫狀口水、餵食即嗆咳,常合併氣管食道瘻管,選 A。B 先天性幽門狹窄的典型是出生數週後噴射狀嘔吐、觸診橄欖狀腫塊,而非出生即流口水;C 梅克耳氏憩室是迴腸的卵黃管殘留,常以無痛下消化道出血表現;D 巨結腸症(Hirschsprung)因遠端腸道無神經節細胞,表現為胎便延遲排出與腹脹便祕,皆非口水過多。","食道閉鎖最常見型為近端盲端合併遠端氣管食道瘻管(Type C),臨床見『3C』:coughing、choking、cyanosis;放鼻胃管無法通過而捲曲於盲端可佐證。常合併 VACTERL 系列異常(脊椎、肛門、心臟、氣管食道、腎、肢體)。對比幽門狹窄的關鍵在發病時間(出生即發 vs 數週後)與症狀性質(流口水 vs 噴射嘔吐)。",[25,26,28,30],{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":27,"count":11},"氣管食道瘻管",{"term":29,"count":11},"新生兒口水過多",{"term":31,"count":11},"VACTERL",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何者是引起肝門脈高壓（portal hypertension）最主要的肝內原因（intrahepatic cause）？",44,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":41},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-060","下列醛固酮（aldosterone）的拮抗劑中，何者可作為降血壓藥物，但不抑制睪丸酮（testosterone）之合成？",60,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-074","T 細胞與 B 細胞的交互作用能增強宿主對抗微生物的防禦。下列何者不需要 T 細胞的參與？",74,108,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-032","下列何者為胰臟內分泌細胞與胃壁的細胞皆可分泌的物質？",32,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-076","關於新型隱球菌（Cryptococcus neoformans）的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",76,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":41},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-010","軟腦膜（pia mater）在脊髓兩側伸出一韌帶附著到硬腦膜（dura mater），此韌帶為：",10,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701252]