[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-039","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-039",107,1,39,"下列關於慢性氣喘（asthma）所引起的病理變化，何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"支氣管上皮之基底膜增厚","支氣管壁有嗜伊紅性白血球浸潤","支氣管黏膜下腺體增大","支氣管壁之肌肉萎縮","D",null,[],"本題考點是慢性氣喘的支氣管病理變化，屬找錯誤敘述題。依呼吸病理，慢性氣喘因反覆發炎與氣道重塑，支氣管平滑肌呈「增生肥大」而非萎縮，故選項 D「肌肉萎縮」錯誤即為答案。A 基底膜增厚（膠原沉積）、B 嗜伊紅性白血球浸潤（過敏發炎特徵）、C 黏膜下腺體增大（黏液分泌增加）皆為氣喘的正確病理變化。判斷關鍵在於認得氣道重塑使平滑肌肥厚、氣道狹窄，方向與「萎縮」相反。","氣喘氣道重塑五要素：平滑肌增生肥大、基底膜（網狀層）增厚、杯狀細胞與黏膜下腺體增生致黏液栓、嗜酸性球為主的慢性發炎浸潤、微血管新生。病生理為第一型過敏（IgE、肥大細胞、Th2、IL-4\u002F5\u002F13）主導的可逆性氣道阻塞合併高反應性。痰中可見 Curschmann 螺旋體與 Charcot-Leyden 結晶。平滑肌肥厚正是支氣管痙攣與慢性狹窄的結構基礎，故「萎縮」明顯有誤。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":26,"count":11},"慢性氣喘",{"term":28,"count":11},"氣道重塑",{"term":30,"count":11},"支氣管平滑肌增生肥大",{"term":32,"count":11},"嗜伊紅性白血球浸潤",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-040","下列何種傳染病最有可能侵犯主動脈之血管滋養管（vasa vasorum）導致動脈瘤之產生？",40,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":42},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-056","Flecainide 可用於治療具威脅生命之心室心律不整，但也容易引發致命的心律不整，主要原因為何？",56,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-070","A 型肝炎病毒經常造成地區性的流行感染，其主要傳播方式為何？",70,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-028","下列何者為心臟收縮最主要的能量來源？",28,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":42},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-072","關於厭氧菌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":42},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-006","下列器官的血液供應何者不是源自腹腔動脈幹？",6,112,"2026-09-04",1788510701206]