[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-035":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":38,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-035","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-035",107,1,35,"第一型過敏反應是因 IgE 與抗原結合後，造成肥大細胞的去顆粒化作用，下列何者是所釋出最重要的原發性介質（primary mediator）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肝素（heparin）","補體（complement）","組織胺（histamine）","前列腺素（prostaglandin）","C",null,[],"本題考點是第一型過敏反應中肥大細胞釋放的原發性（預先儲存）介質。依免疫病理，IgE 交聯抗原後肥大細胞去顆粒，釋出顆粒內預先儲存的介質，其中最重要者為組織胺，造成血管擴張、通透性增加與平滑肌收縮，故選 C。前列腺素（D）與白三烯屬「新合成」的次發性介質而非預存；肝素（A）雖為原發介質但作用非主導；補體（B）屬第三型反應與免疫複合體相關，非肥大細胞顆粒產物。判斷關鍵在於分辨預存介質（histamine）與新合成介質（前列腺素、白三烯）。","肥大細胞介質兩類：預先儲存的原發性介質（組織胺、肝素、嗜酸性球趨化因子、蛋白酶）於去顆粒即刻釋放；新合成的次發性介質（前列腺素 D₂、白三烯 C₄\u002FD₄\u002FE₄、血小板活化因子、細胞激素）需經花生四烯酸代謝，作用較延遲且更強。第一型過敏兩相：即發相（組織胺主導）與遲發相（白三烯、細胞激素主導）。記法：「組織胺先鋒、白三烯後援」。可連結過敏性休克與抗組織胺用藥背景。",[25,28,31,34,36],{"term":26,"count":27},"第一型過敏反應",12,{"term":29,"count":30},"IgE",8,{"term":32,"count":33},"組織胺",4,{"term":35,"count":33},"肥大細胞去顆粒",{"term":37,"count":11},"原發性介質",[39,43,48,53,58,63],{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-036","口腔癌最常見者為下列何種類型？",36,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":10,"session":47},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-052","下列何種抗癲癇藥物對突觸小泡蛋白（synaptic vesicle protein, SV2A）的親和力最高？",52,2,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-066","下列自體免疫疾病中，何者為自體抗體模擬特定分子結合在受體上導致細胞活化及增生，而非造成該細胞的破壞及死亡？",66,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":47},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-024","下列何種類型的病人，會有促腎上腺皮質素（ACTH）大量分泌的情況？",24,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":47},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-068","婦女經期衛生棉條不潔，引起之毒性休克症候群（toxic shock syndrome），為下列何種細菌產生之毒素所引起的？",68,110,{"webId":64,"stem":65,"number":47,"year":66,"session":47},"nurse-112-2-basic-medicine-002","下列何神經興奮可使膀胱壁之迫尿肌收縮、尿道內括約肌舒張？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510701174]