[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-020","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-020",107,1,20,"下列何種情況會使神經元產生去極化（depolarization）現象？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鈉離子流出細胞外","鉀離子流出細胞外","氯離子流入細胞內","鈉離子流入細胞內","D",null,[],"本題考點是神經元去極化的離子基礎。依膜電位原理，靜止膜電位內為負，當鈉離子（帶正電）大量流「入」細胞內時，膜內電位由負轉正，即去極化，故選 D。A 鈉離子流出會使膜更負（與去極化相反）；B 鉀離子外流帶走正電荷造成再極化或超極化；C 氯離子（帶負電）流入使膜內更負，屬過極化（抑制），皆非去極化。判斷關鍵在於「正電荷淨流入＝去極化」。","動作電位序列：閾值到達→電壓門控鈉通道開啟、鈉內流→去極化（上升相）→鈉通道去活化、電壓門控鉀通道開啟、鉀外流→再極化→短暫過極化。記法：「鈉進去極、鉀出再極」。氯內流與鉀外流是抑制性突觸後電位（IPSP）的離子機轉，使神經元遠離閾值。掌握離子電荷方向即可判斷膜電位變化。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"去極化",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"電壓門控鈉通道",{"term":31,"count":11},"鈉離子內流",{"term":33,"count":11},"膜電位",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-021","副交感神經分泌何種神經傳導物質，會刺激淚腺大量分泌淚液？",21,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-037","關於異生（dysplasia）的敘述，下列何者正確？",37,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-051","下列何者為治療毛地黃中毒時，引發心室纖維顫動的首選藥物？",51,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-009","嗜鉻性細胞（chromaffin cells）主要位於下列何構造中？",9,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":27},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-053","免疫抑制劑 mycophenolate mofetil 用於腎臟移植時，可減少淋巴細胞異常增殖而緩解腎臟排斥作用，其作用機轉為何？",53,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":42,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-037","治療高血脂症時，能同時降低膽固醇及三酸甘油酯的藥物，下列何者最佳？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510701003]