[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-016":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-107-1-基礎醫學-016","nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-016",107,1,16,"神經細胞受傷後，下列何種胞器常會發生「溶解」現象？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"高爾基氏體","尼氏體","粒線體","核糖體","B",null,[],"本題考點是神經元受損後的特徵性形態變化。依神經病理學，神經細胞受傷（如軸突切斷）時，胞體內的尼氏體（Nissl body，即粗糙內質網堆積）會發生分散溶解，稱染色質溶解（chromatolysis），故選 B。高爾基氏體（A）、粒線體（C）、核糖體（D）並非此現象的定義性標的；尼氏體溶解伴隨胞體腫大、細胞核偏移，是判定神經元反應性損傷的組織學指標。判斷關鍵在於認得 chromatolysis 專指尼氏體變化。","尼氏體本質是粗糙內質網與游離核糖體的聚集，負責蛋白質合成、染 Nissl stain 呈嗜鹼性斑塊。軸突損傷後，胞體啟動修復需重整蛋白合成機器，尼氏體暫時分散消失（中央性染色質溶解），同時核偏移、胞體圓腫，此即 axonal reaction。記法：「Nissl＝神經的內質網，受傷先溶解重整」。可連結 Wallerian 變性（軸突遠端退化）一併複習神經損傷反應。",[25,26,28,30],{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":27,"count":11},"染色質溶解(chromatolysis)",{"term":29,"count":11},"粗糙內質網",{"term":31,"count":11},"軸突反應",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-017","有關脂質（lipid）與脂肪（fat）的敘述，下列何者正確？",17,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":41},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-033","下列何者不屬於典型慢性發炎的炎症浸潤細胞？",33,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-047","葡萄狀肉瘤（Sarcoma botryoides）為一種少見的原發陰道癌，病理是由下列那一種腫瘤構成？",47,108,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":41},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-005","下列有關胸膜的敘述，何者錯誤？",5,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":41},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-049","治療青光眼的藥物中，下列何者是藉由直接作用於膽鹼性受體（cholinergic receptor）而降低眼壓？",49,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":40,"year":60,"session":11},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-033","成年人長期咳嗽，經確診為黴漿菌感染，其處方藥物為口服 clarithromycin，有關此抗生素之敘述，下列何者正確？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510700955]