[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-042","nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-042",106,2,42,"有關多重抗藥性結核病（MDR-TB）的描述，下列何者正確？①結核菌培養為陽性，且同時對於 isoniazid 與 rifampin 有抗藥性 ②結核菌培養為陰性，對任何 fluoroquinolone 藥物有抗藥性者 ③因為藥物副作用以致症狀無法明顯改善 ④進階都治計畫（DOTs Plus）能更全面監控多重抗藥性結核病人",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","②③","③④","①④","D",null,[],"本題考點為多重抗藥性結核病(MDR-TB)的定義與都治計畫,採組合題。依 MDR-TB 定義,係指結核菌培養陽性,且同時對第一線抗結核藥 isoniazid(INH)與 rifampin(RIF)產生抗藥性者,故敘述①正確;而進階都治計畫(DOTs-Plus)是專為 MDR-TB 設計、以強化直接觀察治療來監控與提升療效,敘述④正確,故選①④的 D。②錯在把定義寫成「培養陰性」且僅對 fluoroquinolone 抗藥——MDR-TB 定義核心是對 INH 與 RIF 雙抗藥且培養陽性;③「因藥物副作用致症狀無法改善」並非 MDR-TB 的成因或定義,抗藥性源於菌株對藥物失效而非副作用。判斷關鍵在掌握 MDR-TB「INH＋RIF 雙抗藥、培養陽性」的核心定義。","抗藥性結核分級:MDR-TB=至少對 INH+RIF 兩線核心藥抗藥;XDR-TB(廣泛抗藥)=在 MDR 基礎上再對任一 fluoroquinolone 及至少一種第二線注射劑抗藥。DOTS(直接觀察治療短程療法)由醫護親眼看病人服藥以確保完成療程、防止抗藥性產生;DOTS-Plus 則針對已抗藥的 MDR-TB,採第二線藥物並延長療程與加強監控。記憶要點:R+I 雙殺=MDR。台灣結核防治即以 DOTS\u002FDOTS-Plus 為核心策略。組合題陷阱多藏在定義的細微竄改(培養陰陽、藥物種類),須逐項核對定義原文。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"MDR-TB 定義",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"isoniazid 與 rifampin 抗藥",{"term":30,"count":26},"DOTS-Plus",{"term":32,"count":26},"XDR-TB",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-043","當社區衛生護理師的介入是針對物理環境（physical environment）的健康決定因子時，下列何者不是該社區適當的健康狀況指標？",43,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-059","從印尼旅遊回國的林小姐，機場通關時，發現體溫為 39℃，就醫後確診為登革熱。下列描述何者正確？①衛生機關要追查同行者暴露史及健康資料 ②感染某一型登革熱病毒患者，對該型病毒仍會重複感染 ③只要入境就須進行檢疫程序 ④登革熱只要服藥治療期間，仍可捐血 ⑤登革熱應儘速於 24 小時內通報",59,107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-073","根據 Wold（1981）所提，從事學校衛生護理工作應具備那些系統性概念？①公共衛生 ②適應功能 ③互助性人際關係 ④工具 ⑤系統化過程 ⑥全球健康",73,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-031","李同學 10 歲，是智能不足的兒童，因為在學校常與同學發生衝突並出手打壞同學眼鏡，學校護理師對於其暴力行為擬定行為修正約定：如果 1 天都未出現任何肢體攻擊，下列處置何者最適當？",31,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-075","依據長期照顧十年計畫 2.0 失智照護政策之介紹，下列何者錯誤？",75,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-029","有關智能不足的治療原則與預後，下列何者正確？",29,112,"2026-09-04",1788510700326]