[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-040","nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-040",106,2,40,"一位 14 歲飲食障礙症病患表達：「我之前曾一度吃了麵包變得很胖，因此我現在必須嚴禁吃任何碳水化合物以免發胖。」根據認知扭曲的概念，此種表述為下列何種認知扭曲？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"控制的謬誤（control fallacies）","情緒推理（emotional reasoning）","讀心術（mind reading）","過度推論（over generalization）","D",null,[],"本題考點為 Beck 認知扭曲類型的辨識。依認知治療理論,個案「曾因吃一次麵包變胖,便推論必須永遠嚴禁所有碳水化合物」,是由單一事件(吃麵包)導出全面、絕對的結論(所有碳水都會使人發胖),符合「過度推論(overgeneralization)」的定義,故選 D。A 控制的謬誤指過度認為自己或外力掌控一切,與本題無關;B 情緒推理指「我覺得如此,事實就如此」,以情緒當證據,本題主軸是邏輯上的以偏概全而非情緒判斷;C 讀心術指未經查證即認定他人的想法,本題並無涉及推測他人心思。判斷關鍵在辨識「由單一\u002F少數事件推及全體」即為過度推論。","Beck 常見認知扭曲一覽(飲食障礙、憂鬱、焦慮皆常見):過度推論(單一事件→全面結論)、全有全無\u002F二分法思考、災難化、情緒推理、讀心術、算命(先知)謬誤、以偏概全、應該陳述(should statements)、貼標籤、個人化。本題「一次→永遠、麵包→所有碳水」是過度推論的教科書範例。鑑別要領:overgeneralization 看「範圍被無限放大」;emotional reasoning 看「以感覺為證據」;mind reading 看「揣測他人心思」。認知行為治療(CBT)即透過辨識並挑戰這些自動化思考來改變情緒與行為。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"認知行為治療",5,{"term":28,"count":29},"飲食障礙症",3,{"term":31,"count":10},"Beck 認知扭曲",{"term":33,"count":34},"過度推論",1,[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-041","公民可透過下列何種團體力量對關鍵重要人物（stakeholders）進行遊說與監督的工作？",41,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-057","小珊，國小二年級，學校護理師發現她身上及背部長有小水疱，下列處置何者正確？①立即採取隔離措施 ②調查班上同學是否有同樣症狀，並進行通報 ③曾經接種過水痘疫苗學生可以到校上課 ④若水疱多於 50 處表示傳染力不高",57,107,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-071","李大明，20 歲，平地原住民男性，平時有抽菸、嚼檳榔、飲酒習慣，第一次參加社區健康篩檢活動，他可以參加下列何項篩檢項目？",71,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-029","李同學為自閉症類群障礙症病人，某日於團體治療時聽見救護車經過的聲音隨即尖叫拍打頭部，下列何種處置較合宜？",29,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-073","有關聯合國對於人口老化的敘述，下列何者最不適當？",73,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":34},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-027","有關物質使用障礙症的治療原則中，下列敘述何者錯誤？",27,112,"2026-09-04",1788510700302]