[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-033","nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-033",106,2,33,"有關自殺的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"蘇利文（Sullivan）提出人際理論，認為自殺是個體處理人際衝突失敗的行為結果","神經傳導物質血清素（serotonin）過多時會產生憂鬱及自殺行為","得雷克（Drake）認為：自殺的強度與憂鬱症無關，而與無助及無望感的程度有關","史奈曼（Shneidman）指出：自殺者的認知程度是自我互相矛盾","B",null,[],"本題考點為自殺相關理論的正確敘述,採「找錯誤」題型。依神經生化學,血清素(serotonin)是與情緒調節有關的神經傳導物質,其「不足(過低)」才與憂鬱及自殺行為相關,而非「過多」,故 B 敘述錯誤、為正解。A 蘇利文(Sullivan)人際理論確實視自殺為個體處理人際衝突失敗的結果,敘述正確;C 得雷克(Drake)強調自殺強度與無助、無望感程度相關,而非單純與憂鬱症輕重掛勾,敘述正確;D 史奈曼(Shneidman)指出自殺者常處於認知窄化與自我矛盾狀態,敘述正確。判斷關鍵在血清素與情緒障礙的「低下」而非「過多」方向。","血清素假說是憂鬱症生物病因的核心:SSRI(選擇性血清素回收抑制劑)藉抑制突觸前回收、提高突觸間隙血清素濃度來改善憂鬱與降低自殺意念,反證血清素「不足」才是問題。記憶口訣:憂鬱=血清素、正腎上腺素、多巴胺三者偏低。無望感(hopelessness)是預測自殺最強的認知指標之一(Beck 亦強調),勝過憂鬱嚴重度本身。理論人物對照:Sullivan=人際、Durkheim=社會(利己\u002F利他\u002F脫序型自殺)、Shneidman=心理痛苦(psychache)與認知窄化。方向性(過多 vs 過少)是這類題最常見的陷阱設計。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"血清素假說",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"憂鬱症生物病因",{"term":30,"count":26},"無望感",{"term":32,"count":26},"Shneidman 認知窄化",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-034","下列何者屬於精神衛生工作初級預防的護理功能？",34,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-050","骨質疏鬆的危險因子，下列何者錯誤？",50,107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-064","有關自我導向學習之敘述，下列何者正確？",64,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-022","方小姐 28 歲，診斷為思覺失調症，因與宮廟工作人員發生衝突，入院治療，護理師觀察到個案喃喃自語，時而發笑，時而側耳傾聽，表示觀音菩薩正在跟她說話，請護理師別吵她，護理師的回應，下列何項較適當？",22,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-psychiatric-community-066","有關原住民族在人口學的措施，下列健康政策的敘述何者最不適當？",66,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":26},"nurse-112-1-psychiatric-community-020","李小姐，因鬱症發作（Major Depressive Episode）住院，每天均表情愁苦、暗自垂淚。護理師問李小姐：「如果以 0 分到 10 分作評量，0 分是最低落，你目前是幾分？」李小姐回答 0 分。請問護理師正在執行下列何項護理評估？",20,112,"2026-09-04",1788510700220]