[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-079":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-內外科護理學-079","nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-079",106,2,79,"楊先生 50 歲，患有高血壓超過 10 年，目前被診斷有慢性腎疾病，為減緩腎功能衰退，應指導其血壓控制在下列何種範圍？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"130\u002F85 mmHg 以下","140～145\u002F85～90 mmHg","145～150\u002F90～95 mmHg","視病人情況而定","A",null,[],"本題考點在慢性腎病合併高血壓的血壓控制目標。慢性腎病病人（尤其合併蛋白尿）需較嚴格的血壓控制以減緩腎功能惡化，教科書與指引建議控制在 130\u002F80 mmHg 以下（部分更嚴至 130\u002F85 以下），故選 A「130\u002F85 mmHg 以下」。B、C 的目標值（140～150\u002F85～95）對慢性腎病病人偏高，無法有效延緩腎病進展，長期高壓會加重腎絲球內壓與硬化；D「視病人情況而定」過於籠統，未給出護理指導所需的明確目標數值，不符合本題要求具體控制範圍的情境。","機轉：高血壓使腎絲球內壓升高、加速腎絲球硬化與蛋白尿，形成惡性循環，故 CKD 病人血壓目標較一般人嚴格。首選降壓藥為 ACEI 或 ARB，因其能降低腎絲球出球小動脈阻力、減少腎絲球內壓與蛋白尿，具腎臟保護作用（惟須監測血鉀與血肌酸酐）。記憶：糖尿病或蛋白尿型 CKD → 目標 \u003C130\u002F80。此題考「越傷腎的族群，血壓要壓得越低」的原則。",[24,27,29,31,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"慢性腎病血壓目標",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"130\u002F80 mmHg控制",{"term":30,"count":26},"腎絲球內壓與蛋白尿",{"term":32,"count":26},"ACEI\u002FARB腎臟保護",{"term":34,"count":26},"延緩腎功能惡化",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-080","有關體溫過低病人採取回溫措施期間的支持性處置，下列何者錯誤？",80,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-016","有關急性胰臟炎之敘述，下列何者正確？①最常見的病因為膽石症及酒精 ②血清澱粉酶（amylase）及鈣（calcium）上升 ③出血性胰臟炎會出現 Rovsing sign ④ 會造成電解質及酸鹼不平衡",16,107,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":26},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-030","有關毛地黃中毒症狀，下列何者正確？①腹瀉 ②便祕 ③噁心嘔吐 ④黃色視覺 ⑤紅色視覺 ⑥心跳變快",30,108,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-068","有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）的敘述，下列何者正確？",68,109,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-032","有關僧帽瓣狹窄的臨床表徵，下列何者正確？",32,110,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-066","有關多囊性腎病的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",66,111,"2026-09-04",1788510699025]