[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-053":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-內外科護理學-053","nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-053",106,2,53,"評估疑似肺栓塞病人時，最可能發現下列何種症狀？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"突然發冷、發燒","突然胸痛","出現噘嘴式呼吸","出現泡沫痰","B",null,[],"本題考點為肺栓塞(PE)的典型臨床表現。肺栓塞是血栓阻塞肺動脈,造成通氣灌流不匹配,典型三聯為突發呼吸困難、突發胸痛(常為肋膜性)與心搏過速,故 B 突然胸痛最符合,選 B。A 突然發冷發燒是感染徵象,非 PE 的核心表現;C 噘嘴式呼吸是慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)為維持氣道正壓的代償方式,與急性 PE 無關;D 泡沫痰(尤其粉紅色)是急性肺水腫\u002F左心衰竭的特徵,非肺栓塞。肺栓塞以突發性、無明顯誘因的胸痛與呼吸困難為辨識重點,故選 B。","PE 經典表現:突發性呼吸困難(最常見)、肋膜性胸痛、心搏過速、低血氧;大範圍栓塞可致低血壓與右心衰竭。危險因子走 Virchow 三角:血流滯緩(久臥、長途飛行)、血管內皮受損、高凝狀態。鑑別:泡沫粉紅痰→肺水腫;噘嘴呼吸→COPD;發冷發燒→肺炎。口訣:『突然喘、突然痛、心跳快、血氧低』想 PE。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"肺栓塞",9,{"term":28,"count":10},"通氣灌流不匹配",{"term":30,"count":31},"肋膜性胸痛",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"Virchow 三角危險因子",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-054","有關慢性支氣管炎的病理變化，下列何者錯誤？",54,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-070","有關代謝性酸中毒造成之原因，下列何者錯誤？",70,107,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-004","有關脊髓損傷所引起的神經性膀胱之敘述，下列何者正確？",4,108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-042","有關足癬的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",42,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-medical-surgical-006","有關多發性硬化症的敘述，下列何者正確？",6,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-medical-surgical-040","林先生在輸血過程中出現頭痛、咳嗽、呼吸困難、心跳加快及血壓升高等情形，最有可能是出現下列那一種輸血反應？",40,111,"2026-09-04",1788510698752]