[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-內外科護理學-009","nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-009",106,2,9,"有關肝硬化病人會出現手掌紅斑之原因，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"門靜脈高壓","細菌感染","血清膽紅素堆積","肝臟荷爾蒙代謝減少","D",null,[],"本題考點為肝硬化出現手掌紅斑(palmar erythema)的成因。肝臟負責雌激素等荷爾蒙的代謝與去活化,肝硬化時肝功能受損使雌激素代謝減少、體內雌激素相對增加,造成末梢血管擴張而出現手掌紅斑與蜘蛛狀血管瘤,故選D。A門靜脈高壓主要導致腹水、食道靜脈曲張與脾腫大,而非手掌紅斑。B細菌感染與此徵象無直接關係。C血清膽紅素堆積造成的是黃疸(皮膚鞏膜變黃),與手掌紅斑的血管擴張機轉不同。故正確成因為肝臟荷爾蒙代謝減少,答案為D。","肝硬化的皮膚徵象多源自「雌激素滅活不足」:手掌紅斑、蜘蛛狀血管瘤、男性女乳、睪丸萎縮、體毛減少,皆因雌激素相對過量致血管擴張與內分泌失衡。與之區分——黃疸源自膽紅素代謝與排除障礙;腹水、靜脈曲張、脾腫大源自門靜脈高壓;出血傾向源自凝血因子合成不足。將肝硬化表現依「荷爾蒙、膽紅素、門脈高壓、合成不足」四條機轉分流,即可精準對應各徵象。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"肝硬化",3,{"term":28,"count":29},"手掌紅斑",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"雌激素代謝減少",{"term":33,"count":29},"肝臟荷爾蒙去活化",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-010","有關肛門瘻管手術治療後之合併症，下列何者最少見？",10,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-026","有關低血壓的治療，下列敘述何者錯誤？",26,107,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-040","一位 82 歲的老太太，因為癌症末期接受安寧療護，下列何者為護理目標？",40,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-078","有關自動體外心臟去顫器（AED）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",78,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-042","下列何者不是嚴重缺鐵性貧血病人常見的症狀？",42,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":29},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-076","下列何者不是休克時會發生之代償機轉？",76,111,"2026-09-04",1788510698273]