[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-106-2-內外科護理學-003","nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-003",106,2,3,"有關脊髓損傷導致自主神經反射過度之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"常發生於脊髓休克期","因副交感神經被過度刺激","常見引發的原因是膀胱脹","出現嚴重的高血壓及心跳加速","C",null,[],"本題考點為自主神經反射過度(autonomic dysreflexia)的病生理與誘因。此症最常見的引發原因是膀胱脹尿(其次為腸道阻塞、便秘等傷害性刺激),故C正確。A錯在此症好發於脊髓休克期「消退之後」,通常見於T6以上損傷、脊髓反射恢復的階段,而非休克期當下。B錯在其機轉是損傷平面以下交感神經(而非副交感)被過度刺激,引發廣泛血管收縮。D錯在典型表現為嚴重高血壓「合併反射性心跳過緩」,而非心跳加速——高血壓刺激壓力受器使心搏變慢。故正確者為C。","自主神經反射過度是T6以上脊髓損傷的急症:損傷平面下的傷害性刺激(最常為膀胱脹、糞便嵌塞)觸發交感大量放電,造成損傷平面下血管收縮、劇烈高血壓;上位副交感代償使平面上血管擴張(臉紅、頭痛、鼻塞)並經迷走神經反射引發心跳過緩。記憶對比:「下交感狂飆、上副交感代償;高血壓卻心跳慢」。首要處置概念是移除誘因(先導尿、解便)。此題易以「心跳加速」誘答,務必記得是反射性心搏過緩。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"自主神經反射過度",{"term":27,"count":28},"膀胱脹誘因",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"交感神經過度刺激",{"term":32,"count":28},"高血壓合併心搏過緩",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-004","有關出血性腦中風病人的護理措施，下列何者正確？",4,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":28},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-020","有關骨質疏鬆症的臨床現象，下列敘述何者錯誤？",20,107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-034","有氣喘病史的高血壓病人應避免使用下列何類藥物，以預防病人支氣管痙攣導致氣喘發作？",34,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-072","有關代謝性酸中毒的症狀，下列何者正確？",72,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-036","下列何者不是紅血球過多症常見的併發症？",36,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":28},"nurse-111-1-medical-surgical-070","有關抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）之臨床表徵，下列何者錯誤？",70,111,"2026-09-04",1788510698232]