[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-065":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-106-2-產兒科護理學-065","nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-065",106,2,65,"小華，5 歲，罹患大血管轉位（transposition of the great arteries;TGA），此次入院準備接受完全矯正手術。基於小華在心臟方面的認知，護理師應採取以下何種解釋方式較為適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"因小華對心臟認知不足，主要以父母親對心臟的認知為護理指導的範疇","畫出人形和心臟的位置，說明手術後心臟會發出較規律清晰的蹦蹦聲","畫出心臟四個腔室的外形，並解釋手術後心臟會如何把血打出去","採開放式問題，並儘量口語化來討論靜脈、動脈及血液循環的功能","B",null,[],"本題考點在學齡前兒童(5 歲)的認知發展階段與衛教方式。依 Piaget,5 歲屬前運思期,思考具體、以自我中心與具象圖像理解,無法處理抽象循環系統概念。故應以簡單具體、貼近身體感受的方式,如畫出人形與心臟位置、用『心臟會發出規律蹦蹦聲』的可感比喻,選 B。A 錯:只教父母而放棄對兒童解釋,不符以兒童為中心。C 錯:解釋四腔室與打血機制過於抽象,超出前運思期理解。D 錯:討論靜脈、動脈、血液循環屬抽象概念,適合形式運思期的較大兒童,不適合 5 歲。","Piaget 認知階段:感覺動作期(0–2)、前運思期(2–7,自我中心、具象、萬物有靈)、具體運思期(7–11,可邏輯操作具體事物)、形式運思期(11+,抽象推理)。5 歲的術前準備原則:用簡單具體語言、實物\u002F圖片\u002F娃娃演示、聚焦身體感覺與看得到的結果,避免抽象生理機轉。記憶:『前運思期看得到、摸得到才懂;循環系統太抽象要等形式運思期』。術前準備能降低兒童焦慮與提升配合度。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"學齡前認知發展",3,{"term":28,"count":10},"Piaget 前運思期",{"term":30,"count":31},"具體形象思維",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"兒童術前準備原則",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-maternal-pediatric-066","盼盼，6 歲，罹患先天性心臟病，依醫囑服用毛地黃，下列何者不是毛地黃中毒的症狀？",66,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":10,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-maternal-pediatric-002","有關臺灣家庭結構改變的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-maternal-pediatric-016","有關剖腹產的敘述，下列何項錯誤？",16,108,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":31},"nurse-109-1-maternal-pediatric-054","協助病童接受腰椎穿刺檢查過程中，下列護理措施何者不恰當？",54,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-110-2-maternal-pediatric-018","有關產婦產後第 1 天的生理變化，下列敘述何者錯誤？",18,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-111-2-maternal-pediatric-052","生理徵象的改變為評估疼痛的重要指標之一，下列何種徵象與疼痛較無直接關係？",52,111,"2026-09-04",1788510699709]