[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-073":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-073","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-073",106,2,73,"關於病毒逃避免疫攻擊的機制，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"流行性感冒病毒用抗原轉移（antigenic shift）來改變它的外套抗原","單純疱疹病毒以潛伏的方式，躲藏在神經細胞，以避免免疫系統的辨認","人類免疫不全病毒（Human immunodeficiency virus）是一種超級抗原（super antigen），可有效活化 T 細胞免疫反應","有些病毒可抑制 MHC（major histocompatibility complex）第一類分子表達","C",null,[],"本題考點為病毒逃避免疫的機制,題目問錯誤敘述。答案 C:人類免疫不全病毒(HIV)並非有效活化 T 細胞免疫的超級抗原,反而攻擊並耗竭 CD4 輔助 T 細胞、造成免疫抑制,故 C 錯。A 流感以抗原轉移(antigenic shift)改變外套抗原躲避既有抗體,正確。B 單純疱疹以潛伏於神經節躲避辨識,正確。D 部分病毒下調 MHC 第一類表達以逃避胞殺 T 細胞辨識,均為正確機制。","病毒逃避免疫的常見手法:抗原變異(流感 shift\u002Fdrift)、潛伏(疱疹病毒藏於神經或淋巴細胞)、下調 MHC I(躲避 CD8 胞殺 T,但反被 NK 偵測到『缺失自我』)、干擾干擾素路徑。HIV 靠 gp120 高變區與整合潛伏逃避,並直接殺 CD4 致免疫崩解,絕非強化 T 細胞免疫。記憶:HIV 是『瓦解免疫』,不是活化免疫。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"病毒免疫逃避",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"HIV 耗竭 CD4 T 細胞",{"term":31,"count":27},"抗原轉移 antigenic shift",{"term":33,"count":27},"MHC I 下調",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-074","白色念珠菌（C. albicans）為正常菌群，但若在下列何處發現時，表示已受感染？",74,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-010","關於氣管（trachea）的敘述，下列何者正確？",10,107,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-024","腎上腺素（epinephrine）會直接造成下列何種反應？",24,108,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-062","下列何者是屬於具有抗發炎作用的氣喘用藥？",62,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-026","有關排卵過程的敘述，下列何者正確？",26,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":27},"nurse-112-1-basic-medicine-010","總膽管是由下列何者會合而形成？",112,"2026-09-04",1788510696831]