[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-050","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-050",106,2,50,"下列有關腎上腺素（epinephrine）的敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"是一種內生性的蛋白質，主要由腎上腺髓質所分泌","在低劑量時，主要呈現 α 腎上腺素受體（α adrenergic receptor）的效應","是治療第一型過敏反應（type I hypersensitivity reaction）的首選用藥","會活化肝臟的 α 2 腎上腺素受體（α 2 adrenergic receptor）而減少肝醣分解","C",null,[],"本題考點是腎上腺素(epinephrine)的藥理特性。依其臨床應用,腎上腺素能同時活化 α 與 β 受體、快速逆轉支氣管收縮與血管擴張,為第一型過敏反應(如全身性過敏反應)的首選用藥,故 C 正確。A 錯誤:腎上腺素屬兒茶酚胺類(胺基酸衍生物)而非蛋白質;B 錯誤:低劑量時以 β 受體(尤其 β₂)效應為主,高劑量才顯 α 效應;D 錯誤:腎上腺素經 β₂ 與 α₁ 受體「增加」肝醣分解使血糖上升,而非減少。","腎上腺素受體效應:β₂(低劑量,血管擴張、支氣管擴張)、β₁(心臟正性作用)、α₁(高劑量,血管收縮升壓)。第一型過敏反應(anaphylaxis)以其為第一線,因能一次逆轉低血壓、支氣管痙攣與黏膜水腫。代謝上經 β₂ 與 α₁ 增加肝醣分解與升糖。記憶:過敏性休克以腎上腺素為第一線急救用藥。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"第一型過敏反應",12,{"term":29,"count":30},"腎上腺素",4,{"term":32,"count":11},"兒茶酚胺",{"term":34,"count":35},"α 與 β 腎上腺素受體",1,[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-051","吸入性全身麻醉劑的 MAC（minimal alveolar concentration）數值越小，其所代表的意義為何？",51,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":35},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-067","抗體辨識抗原的專一性由何者決定？",67,107,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":35,"year":49,"session":35},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-001","下列何者的內襯上皮具有纖毛？",108,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":35},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-039","下列何者最不可能引起左心衰竭（left heart failure）？",39,109,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-003","下列何者藉由跟腱（Achilles tendon）附著於跟骨？",3,110,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-037","下列何種藥物是藉由周邊作用來抑制咳嗽反射，作為治療咳嗽的藥物？",37,111,"2026-09-04",1788510696616]