[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-049","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-049",106,2,49,"林先生因誤食農藥巴拉松（parathion）而被送醫急救，當抵達急診室時，林先生已出現意識模糊、瞳孔縮小、全身輕微抽搐等症狀，此時，進行下列何種處置最適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"應先採血送驗，確認血液生化值後再給藥救治","因已意識模糊，應先注射 epinephrine 以防休克","應先注射 pralidoxime 及 atropine","應先注射 tubocurarine 以防橫膈痙攣","C",null,[],"本題考點是有機磷農藥中毒的解毒處置。依巴拉松(parathion)抑制乙醯膽鹼酯酶的機轉,乙醯膽鹼堆積而出現瞳孔縮小、抽搐等膽鹼性危象;處置以 atropine 拮抗蕈毒鹼作用、pralidoxime(2-PAM)再活化被抑制的酯酶,故選 C。A 先送驗再給藥會延誤解毒時機、不當;B epinephrine 非有機磷中毒的對症解毒藥;D tubocurarine 為神經肌肉阻斷劑,反會加重呼吸肌麻痺,故均非適當處置。","有機磷(如巴拉松)不可逆抑制乙醯膽鹼酯酶,ACh 堆積致「蕈毒鹼(DUMBELS:流涎、流淚、排尿、排便、腸絞痛、支氣管分泌)＋菸鹼(肌肉顫動、無力)＋中樞(抽搐、意識改變)」症狀。解毒:atropine 拮抗蕈毒鹼症狀、pralidoxime(2-PAM)在酶「老化」前重新活化酯酶,兩者並用,越早給越有效。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"atropine",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"乙醯膽鹼酯酶抑制",{"term":31,"count":32},"有機磷中毒",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"pralidoxime",[36,40,45,49,54,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-050","下列有關腎上腺素（epinephrine）的敘述，何者正確？",50,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-066","下列對革蘭氏陽性細菌的描述，何者錯誤？",66,107,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-080","有關有鉤絛蟲（Taenia solium）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",80,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-038","狂牛病是何種病原感染所引起？",38,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":11,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-110-2-basic-medicine-002","小腿脛骨（tibia）的外形，屬於下列何種骨骼？",110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-036","下列那一個抗心律不整藥物，不適合用來治療陣發性上心室心律不整？",36,111,"2026-09-04",1788510696613]