[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-045":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-045","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-045",106,2,45,"急性腎盂腎炎（acute pyelonephritis）之病因為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"免疫反應","病毒感染","細菌感染","基因突變","C",null,[],"本題考點是急性腎盂腎炎的病因。依感染途徑,急性腎盂腎炎多由下泌尿道的細菌(以大腸桿菌等腸道革蘭氏陰性菌最常見)經膀胱、輸尿管上行性感染,侵犯腎盂與腎實質,病理上可見間質嗜中性球浸潤與微膿瘍,屬細菌感染,故選 C。A 由免疫反應(免疫複合體)主導的是腎絲球腎炎,而非腎盂腎炎;B 病毒感染並非腎盂腎炎的典型病因;D 基因突變與遺傳性腎病相關,均非急性腎盂腎炎的致病機轉。","急性腎盂腎炎以上行性感染為主,病原多為腸道革蘭氏陰性菌(大腸桿菌居首),危險因子含尿路阻塞、膀胱輸尿管逆流、留置導尿、女性尿道較短。病理見腎間質嗜中性球浸潤與微膿瘍。對照:腎絲球腎炎多屬免疫複合體介導,病因層次不同。臨床三聯:發燒、腰痛、膿尿。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"大腸桿菌",{"term":28,"count":29},"急性腎盂腎炎",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"細菌上行性感染",{"term":33,"count":29},"腎絲球腎炎對比",[35,39,44,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-046","最常見到的乳房良性腫瘤為下列何項？",46,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-062","有關 gonadotropins 的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",62,107,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-076","下列何者不屬於表淺性黴菌病（superficial mycosis）？",76,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-034","有關嬰兒多囊性腎病變之敘述，下列何者正確？",34,109,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-078","下列何種特性不是白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）之主要致病因子？",78,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-032","下列降血壓藥物，何者初次服用會造成姿態性低血壓，可給予較少的起始劑量或睡前服用？",32,111,"2026-09-04",1788510696556]