[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-017":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-017","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-017",106,2,17,"鈉鉀幫浦（sodium-potassium pump）運送鈉鉀離子的作用方式屬於下列何者？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"簡單擴散（simple diffusion）","主動運輸（active transport）","滲透（osmosis）","胞噬作用（endocytosis）","B",null,[],"本題考點是鈉鉀幫浦(Na⁺-K⁺ pump)的運輸方式。鈉鉀幫浦將3個鈉送出、2個鉀送入細胞,兩者都逆濃度梯度移動(鈉在外高、鉀在內高),必須消耗 ATP,屬「主動運輸」(active transport),故選 B。A 簡單擴散是順濃度梯度、不耗能的被動運輸,與逆梯度耗能相反。C 滲透是水順濃度梯度通過半透膜的被動移動,不耗能且運輸的是水而非離子。D 胞噬(此處泛指胞吞)以膜包裹大分子攝入,雖耗能但屬囊泡運輸、非離子幫浦模式。三個錯項不是被動不耗能,就是運輸對象與機制不符,唯主動運輸正確描述其逆梯度耗能特性。","鈉鉀幫浦是原發性主動運輸的典範:直接分解 ATP 供能,維持細胞內低鈉高鉀的離子梯度,這梯度是靜止膜電位(約−70mV)與神經肌肉興奮性的基礎,也驅動次發性主動運輸(如鈉—葡萄糖共同運輸)。其「泵出3鈉、泵入2鉀」使每循環淨移出一個正電荷,略帶生電性。記憶:「逆梯度、耗ATP=主動;順梯度、不耗能=被動(擴散、滲透、促進擴散)」。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"鈉鉀幫浦",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"主動運輸",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"逆濃度梯度耗ATP",{"term":34,"count":30},"膜電位維持",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-018","下列那些肌細胞有明顯的明暗相間之橫紋構造？",18,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":30},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種疾病表現的水腫與血液滲透壓（osmotic pressure）下降的關聯性最低？",34,107,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-048","40 歲女性，有全身疲倦、輕度發燒及關節僵硬，特別是清晨起床時，左右手指及肘關節。抽血檢查發現有類風濕性因子（rheumatoid factor）。這位女性最有可能罹患下列何者疾病？",48,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-006","下列何者是由數層濾泡細胞及有液體之濾泡腔組成，其內並包含一個初級卵母細胞？",6,109,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":30},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-050","下列何者不是抗癲癇藥物的作用機轉？",50,110,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":27,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-111-2-basic-medicine-004","下列那一構造，不是完全由腹膜反摺構成的？",111,"2026-09-04",1788510696284]