[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-2-基礎醫學-001","nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-001",106,2,1,"皮膚上所見到的雞皮疙瘩現象，與下列何者較無關係？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"豎毛肌收縮","交感神經興奮","副交感神經興奮","天氣寒冷","C",null,[],"本題考點是雞皮疙瘩(起雞皮疙瘩)的生理機轉,要挑出「較無關」者。雞皮疙瘩由皮膚的豎毛肌(arrector pili muscle)收縮、拉動毛髮豎立而成。此豎毛肌受交感神經支配,寒冷刺激下交感神經興奮即引發收縮。故 A 豎毛肌收縮、B 交感神經興奮、D 天氣寒冷三者都直接參與雞皮疙瘩的形成。C「副交感神經興奮」與此無關——豎毛肌只受交感神經控制,並無副交感支配,故選 C。三個錯項串成一條完整因果鏈(寒冷→交感興奮→豎毛肌收縮→雞皮疙瘩),唯獨副交感神經不在這條路徑上,是要辨識的無關項。","重點:豎毛肌是少數「只有交感、沒有副交感」的效應器之一,且其節後神經傳遞物質特殊——多數交感節後為正腎上腺素,但汗腺與部分血管以乙醯膽鹼作用;豎毛肌則為腎上腺素性。寒冷或情緒(如恐懼)引發交感興奮時,豎毛肌收縮使毛髮直立,在有厚毛的哺乳類可增加隔熱空氣層、在威嚇時使體型看似變大,人類則僅殘留為雞皮疙瘩。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"副交感神經",5,{"term":29,"count":11},"交感神經支配",{"term":31,"count":12},"豎毛肌",{"term":33,"count":12},"雞皮疙瘩機轉",[35,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":11,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-002","下列那一個腺體之組織學特徵具有膠體（colloid）的構造？",{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":12},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-018","骨骼肌收縮時的鈣離子是從那種鈣通道釋放出來？",18,107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-032","下列何種情況最可能導致代謝性鹼中毒（metabolic alkalosis）？",32,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-070","下列何者為胸腺的功能？",70,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":12},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種感染最容易發生在燒燙傷的病人？",34,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":12},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-068","利用黏試紙（scotch tape test）黏取肛門周邊之蟲卵是用於下列那一種寄生蟲診斷？",68,111,"2026-09-04",1788510696102]