[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-027":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-106-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-027","nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-027",106,1,27,"嗎啡的主要戒斷症狀，下列何者最適切？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"頻尿、妄想","呼吸、心跳、血壓下降","食慾不振、打呵欠、流鼻水、肌肉痠痛","被害妄想、短暫幻覺","C",null,[],"本題考點在鴉片類(嗎啡)戒斷症狀的辨識。嗎啡屬中樞神經抑制劑,長期使用後突然停用會出現與其藥效「相反」的反彈現象,典型戒斷症狀為食慾不振、打呵欠、流鼻水、流淚、肌肉痠痛、腹瀉、瞳孔放大等自律神經過度亢奮表現,故選C。A「頻尿、妄想」非鴉片戒斷典型表現。B「呼吸、心跳、血壓下降」正好是嗎啡「中毒(過量)」時的中樞抑制表現,方向與戒斷相反。D「被害妄想、短暫幻覺」較符合興奮劑或酒精戒斷的精神病性表現,而非鴉片類,故三者皆不切合鴉片戒斷的自律神經反彈特徵。","鴉片戒斷可用『流水症候群』記憶——流鼻水、流淚、流汗、起雞皮疙瘩(cold turkey),加上打呵欠、瞳孔放大、肌肉骨骼痠痛、腹瀉、噁心。機轉是長期外源性鴉片抑制藍斑核(locus coeruleus)正腎上腺素活性,停藥後反彈性過度放電,故呈交感亢進。對比:嗎啡『過量』是抑制(呼吸慢、瞳孔縮、嗜睡),『戒斷』是反彈亢奮,兩者鏡像對照最好記。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"鴉片類戒斷症狀",{"term":27,"count":10},"自律神經反彈",{"term":29,"count":10},"藍斑核正腎上腺素",{"term":31,"count":10},"戒斷與中毒鏡像",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-028","許小姐所使用物質的嗎啡中毒主要症狀，下列說明何者最適切？",28,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":9,"session":41},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-044","在社區整合式篩檢中，利用糞便潛血檢查以篩檢出可能罹患大腸癌的社區居民，在三段五級預防工作中屬於那個段級？①第一段 ②第二段 ③第三段 ④第一級 ⑤第二級 ⑥第三級",44,2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-058","有關腸病毒之描述，下列何者正確？",58,107,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-016","張先生診斷為妄想症，認為病房內的人都要害他所以拒絕參加任何活動，只願留在自己的房間。下列那一項護理措施最適宜？",16,109,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-060","水污染愈嚴重時，愈容易發生下列那種情況？",60,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":41},"nurse-111-2-psychiatric-community-014","有關下列疾患的心理因素，下列何者正確？",14,111,"2026-09-04",1788510694843]