[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-106-1-基本護理學與護理行政-003","nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-003",106,1,3,"王先生因腦血管損傷住院中，下列何種灌注溶液不適合王先生使用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"5% Glucose in 0.2% NaCl","10% Glucose Water","0.45% NaCl","0.9% NaCl","C",null,[],"本題考點在於腦部損傷病人靜脈輸液的張力（tonicity）選擇——腦傷最怕低張溶液使水分進入腦細胞、加重腦水腫與顱內壓上升。判斷各溶液張力，以其配方滲透濃度與血漿（約 290～310 mOsm\u002FL）相比：C「0.45% NaCl」約 154 mOsm\u002FL，為血漿鈉濃度一半的低張溶液，是四者中唯一明確低張者，會使自由水進入腦細胞、惡化腦水腫，故不適合、為正解。A「5% Glucose in 0.2% NaCl」約 320 mOsm\u002FL 與 D「0.9% NaCl」約 308 mOsm\u002FL 皆屬等張，可維持容積而不明顯增加腦水腫；B「10% Glucose Water」約 505 mOsm\u002FL，以配方濃度計屬高張，並非低張禁忌，也不是降腦壓的脫水劑。故按標準溶液張力分類，唯 C 為低張，選 C。","腦傷輸液的核心原則是「避免低張」：血腦障壁對 Na⁺ 相對不通透，輸液的有效張力主要由鈉決定，低張液會讓水依滲透梯度進入腦細胞造成細胞內水腫。本題以標準溶液張力分類即可判斷：0.9% NaCl（約 308 mOsm\u002FL）、5% Glucose in 0.2% NaCl（約 320 mOsm\u002FL）屬等張；0.45% NaCl（約 154 mOsm\u002FL）為低張；10% Glucose Water（約 505 mOsm\u002FL）以配方濃度計屬高張。四者中唯 C 明確低張，為腦傷禁用之正解。需澄清一個常見迷思：B「10% Glucose Water」雖配方滲透濃度偏高，但不可把它當成能降腦壓的高張脫水劑——臨床用來降顱內壓、把腦組織水分拉回血管的滲透性脫水劑是 mannitol 或 3% 高張食鹽水，葡萄糖水並不具此脫水降壓作用。記憶對比：等張（0.9% NaCl、乳酸林格氏液）維持容積；低張（0.45% NaCl）腦傷禁用；高張滲透脫水（mannitol、3% NaCl）才用於降腦壓。本題只需辨識四者中唯一的低張溶液即 C。",[25,27,29,31,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"溶液張力(等張\u002F低張\u002F高張)",{"term":28,"count":11},"配方滲透濃度與血漿滲透壓比較",{"term":30,"count":11},"0.45% NaCl 為唯一低張溶液",{"term":32,"count":11},"腦水腫與顱內壓",{"term":34,"count":11},"mannitol\u002F3% NaCl 為滲透脫水劑",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-fundamental-nursing-004","醫囑為 Acetaminophen 1 tab q6h p.r.n. if BT≧39℃之含義，下列敘述何者正確？",4,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-020","有關口服藥物之用藥指導，下列何者正確？",20,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-fundamental-nursing-034","有關灌腸時肛管插入的深度，下列敘述何者正確？",34,107,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-fundamental-nursing-072","護理部門實施護理人員在職教育及護理技術稽核，其目的是為了要滿足下列那項護理評鑑範疇？",72,108,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-109-2-fundamental-nursing-036","為老年人執行床上沐浴，下列何者正確？",36,109,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":44},"nurse-110-2-fundamental-nursing-070","有關國家辦理「護理師」考試的目的，下列何者錯誤？",70,110,"2026-09-04",1788510691711]