[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-069":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-1-基礎醫學-069","nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-069",106,1,69,"人類腎臟移植時會發生超急性移植排斥反應，主要為下列何種系統不合所引起？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"ABO 血型","RhD 系統","Kell 系統","MN 系統","A",null,[],"本題考點在超急性移植排斥（hyperacute rejection）的免疫機轉。依超急性排斥發生在移植後數分鐘至數小時，由受贈者體內既存（preformed）抗體攻擊供腎血管內皮所致，而 ABO 血型抗原引起的天然抗體正是最主要來源，故選 A。B RhD 系統主要影響輸血與新生兒溶血，非超急性排斥主因；C Kell 與 D MN 系統屬次要紅血球血型抗原，臨床上與腎移植超急性排斥關聯極小。故以 ABO 不合為主要禍首。","排斥時序記法：超急性（既存抗體，分鐘～小時）、急性（T 細胞為主，數天～數週）、慢性（血管纖維化，數月～年）。故移植前必先做 ABO 配對與交叉試驗（crossmatch）以攔截既存抗體。",[25,28,29,31],{"term":26,"count":27},"超急性排斥",2,{"term":15,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":11},"既存抗體",{"term":32,"count":11},"腎臟移植",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-070","下列何種疾病是由葡萄球菌引起的？",70,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-006","下列何者的管壁不具平滑肌？",6,107,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-020","下列那一腦區受損將使人失去害怕的感覺？",20,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-058","下列何種藥物屬於腸刺激或腸興奮劑，可作為瀉劑？",58,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-022","有關靜止膜電位（resting membrane potential）之敘述，下列何者正確？",22,110,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-056","使用左多巴（levodopa）治療帕金森氏症時，不會產生下列何種副作用？",56,111,"2026-09-04",1788510691562]