[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-053":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-106-1-基礎醫學-053","nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-053",106,1,53,"長期使用抗精神病藥 Haloperidol，最易造成那種副作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"錐體外症候群（extrapyramidal syndrome）","躁鬱症","阿茲海默症","妥瑞氏症（Tourette syndrome）","A",null,[],"本題考點為傳統抗精神病藥 Haloperidol 的主要副作用。依神經藥理,Haloperidol 為高效價典型抗精神病藥,強力阻斷黑質紋狀體路徑的多巴胺 D2 受體,易引發錐體外症候群(extrapyramidal syndrome)如肌張力異常、類巴金森症與遲發性運動障礙,故正解為 A。躁鬱症屬情緒疾患本身而非藥物副作用,B 錯。阿茲海默症為神經退化性疾病,與 Haloperidol 無因果,C 錯。妥瑞氏症是原發性抽動疾患,Haloperidol 反可用於治療而非其副作用,D 錯。","多巴胺四路徑記憶:阻斷黑質紋狀體→錐體外症狀;阻斷結節漏斗→高泌乳素;中腦邊緣為治療抗精神病之處;中腦皮質阻斷則加重負性症狀。高效價(haloperidol)EPS 多、鎮靜與抗膽鹼少;低效價則相反,常對比出題。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"Haloperidol",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"D2 受體阻斷",{"term":31,"count":27},"黑質紋狀體路徑",{"term":33,"count":11},"錐體外症候群 EPS",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-054","抗焦慮用藥 benzodiazepine 的藥理作用機轉為何？",54,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-070","下列何者不是革蘭氏陽性桿菌？",70,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-004","下列何者的收縮與在髖關節處屈曲大腿最有關係？",4,107,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-042","有關癌症（cancer）的分期（staging）及分級（grading）之敘述，下列何者最正確？",42,108,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":11},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-006","下列那個胃腺細胞，主要產生鹽酸與內在因子？",6,110,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-040","子宮頸癌最可能與何者病毒感染有關？",40,111,"2026-09-04",1788510691392]