[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-028":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-106-1-基礎醫學-028","nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-028",106,1,28,"若腎小管無法將氫離子有效排除時，在代償作用發生之前最可能發生下列何種現象？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"代謝性酸中毒","代謝性鹼中毒","呼吸性酸中毒","呼吸性鹼中毒","A",null,[],"本題考點為腎臟排酸障礙導致的酸鹼失衡。依酸鹼平衡生理,腎小管負責排泌氫離子並再吸收碳酸氫根,若腎小管無法有效排除氫離子,體內酸性物質蓄積、碳酸氫根流失,在代償尚未啟動前會出現代謝性酸中毒,故選A。B代謝性鹼中毒與此相反,為酸流失或鹼過多所致。C呼吸性酸中毒源於肺換氣不足使二氧化碳滯留,屬呼吸性而非腎性。D呼吸性鹼中毒為過度換氣所致。關鍵在辨識氫離子排除障礙屬「代謝性」且為「酸中毒」。","酸鹼失衡分型記法:看原發是代謝（碳酸氫根）或呼吸（二氧化碳）。腎小管酸中毒即排氫或回收碳酸氫根缺陷造成的代謝性酸中毒。代償:代謝性酸中毒會引發呼吸加深加快（Kussmaul 呼吸）以排出二氧化碳,此屬呼吸代償;題目強調「代償前」故答代謝性酸中毒。",[25,27,29,31],{"term":15,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":26},"碳酸氫根",{"term":30,"count":11},"腎小管排氫",{"term":32,"count":11},"酸鹼平衡",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-029","缺氧引起之肺血管收縮是為了：",29,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":26},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-045","急性腎盂腎炎（acute pyelonephritis）之病因為何？",45,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-059","下列有關 Mannitol 之敘述，何者錯誤？",59,107,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-017","如果細胞之中心體（centrosome）受到破壞，下列何項細胞活動將無法完成？",17,108,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-061","下列何種藥物屬於腸刺激或腸興奮劑，常與含有docusate的軟便劑合用，用於治療鴉片類藥物引發之便秘？",61,109,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":11},"nurse-111-1-basic-medicine-015","中腦內不具有下列何者？",15,111,"2026-09-04",1788510691025]